• Kindle versions allow the reader to adjust font size as needed, which allows them to customize their reading experience.
• When reading a graphic novel on an iPad, readers can click and zoom on panels for close reading; these devices allow for an additional tactile element (pinch / zoom), too.
• Construct visuals (whether on a white/SMART board, a slideshow, or on printables) using good design principles, paying particular attention to spacing, font, colour.

• Provide students with audiobook versions of texts, and even if you choose a graphic novel, don't be shy about reading it aloud (in small groups or as a class) -- and don't forget to "read" the images, aloud, too (doing so is a great way to model in-depth analysis).
• Ensure students have access to speech-to-text software (built right into Google Docs) if this will enhance their understanding of teacher illustrations or group discussions.

• Frontload readings by identifying and working through difficult vocabulary and challenging concepts.
• Provide students with Kindle editions of texts so they can easily look up vocabulary and note definitions.

• Anticipate difficult literary elements and provide an appropriate glossary to support students in their navigation of the text.
• Provide students with concept maps to understand text structures in both fiction and non-fiction.

Original novel

Graphic novel version

Film adaption

• Use questionnaires
• Try the "Interest-a-lyzer"
• Select culturally (or pop-culturally) relevant texts

• Complete advanced organizers (such as KWL charts and Frayer models)
• Provide stickies (and model use)
• Show short films/cartoons to illustrate concepts
• Highlight, emphasize, and prompt

• Distribute and model use of graphic organizers
• Pause regularly to review, recode, and practice -- help these processes become automatic for students
• Prompt and scaffold frequently