Internal Migration

5.2 - Internal migration (within a country) - content

Rural–urban and urban–rural movements: their causes and impacts on source areas and receiving/destination areas including population structures.

Stepped migration within the settlement hierarchy and urban–urban movements.

Causes and impacts of intra-urban movements (within urban settlements).

Step migration is the process that occurs when the rural migrant initially heads for a familiar small town and then after a period of time moves on to a larger urban settlement, during this initial period migrants may develop their skills and increase their knowledge. Over many years the migrant may take a number of steps up the urban hierarchy as they become aware of better employment opportunities and develop personal contacts. For those working in the formal sector moves up the hierarchy may be related to promotion to more senior positions.
Movements from urban centres (towns and cities) in economically peripheral areas to urban areas in the economic core is also common. This is an important form of urban-urban migration ( and should not be confused with urbanisation).

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Definitions

Rural to urban migration - The movement of people from countryside to towns and cities.

Intra-urban migration - Migration within a single urban area.

Inter-urban migration - Migration between two urban areas.

Counterurbanisation - The process of population decentralisation as people move from large urban areas to smaller urban areas or rural ones.

Core - A region of concentrated economic development, with advanced infrastructure and relatively high incomes and low unemployment.

Periphery - A region of low or declining economic development characterised by relatively low incomes and high unemployment, selective outmigration and poor infrastructure.

Remittances - money sent home to families by migrants working elsewhere

Depopulation - the absolute decline of population in an area, frequently cause by out-migration

The Family Life Cycle

The family life cycle refers to the various stages families with children pass through over time (pre-child, family building, dispersal, post child), with corrosponding changes in housing needs.

Familial circumstances can be a powerful driver of internal migration.

The diagram on the right illustrates the family life cycle, in a UK context.

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