The Shargorod synagogue is one of the oldest Jewish temples in Ukraine. The synagogue was the main dominant of the Jewish community of Shargorod. It not only served as a home for common prayers and theological studies, but also played the role of a fortress for the defense of its Jewish quarter and the town as a whole from the invasions of the Turks and Tatars, since this place was an invulnerable point of the town
The Shargorod Synagogue was built in 1589 and is one of the best architectural monuments in Ukraine. The stone synagogue of the fortress type was one of the town's defensive structures. Built on its southeastern outskirts near the confluence of the Kolbasna and Murashka Rivers.
Synagogue was built according to the canons of fortification architecture, this structure has thick (up to 2 meters) stone walls, a patrol and combat patrol along the perimeter of the roof, lines with loopholes, spacious basements with secret underground connections and exits to the surface, as well as rooms for holding prisoners, etc. In particular, the synagogue withstood an attack by the Cossacks of Severin Nalivaiko in 1595. In 1672-1699. During the Turkish rule in Podolia, it was used as a mosque. Then, after the region was returned to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and then as part of the Russian Empire, it was again used as a synagogue. It was closed by the Bolsheviks in the 1930s and transferred to a factory workshop. Now it has been returned to the Jewish religious community of Shargorod.