Cheider in shtetl by Alex Levin
This is a painting of a melamed and his pupils in Podolia. A teacher in the heder (Jewish school).
Now! Imagine that you could put a name on these faces! Well, I can. It could have been in Khashchevatoye. The rabbi was Ruvin Lipovetzky. The melamed was Shimon Virnik. The pupils were: Eli Moshkovitch Blinder, Yankel Borukhovitch Bilenskiy, Shlomo Duvidovitch Shaposhnik, Yos Leib Munishevitch Kriman, Yos Yankelovitch Sogutovsky, Leib Khunovitch Chabarovsky, Duvid Avrum Yeshiovitch Kravetz and Nusim Avrum Moshkovitch Shaposhnik. They were paying 9-10 Altin. The melamed had a diploma from Nemirov regional Jewish high school (yeshiva?). The heder was in the melamed's house and clean. These children were born around 1854. Eli Blinder, Yankel Bilensky, Shlema Shaposhnik and Yos Leib Kriman will be killed in the pogroms of 1919-21. Rabbi Ruvin Lipovetzky died on June 4th, 1873.
This document is preserved in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv, within the records of the Administration of the Trustee of the Kyiv Educational District (fond 707, opis 86, delo 83). A copy was obtained from the Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People (CAHJP), housed at the National Library of Israel on the Hebrew University campus in Jerusalem. Original language - Ukrainian (usage typical of the year 1918, unlike in the previous period of Russian Empire).
The file reflects the practices of establishing private educational institutions and managing teaching personnel within the Kyiv Educational District during the period of administrative transition in 1918.
The file contains documents related to the establishment and staffing of a private secondary coeducational eight-grade school (gymnasium) in the township of Khashchevatoye, as well as a petition concerning the appointment of Valentina Ozeryanska to a teaching position.
In particular, the file includes:
A document issued by the Ministry of Public Education (Department of Secondary Education) granting permission to the Khashchevatoye Society to open, from the beginning of the 1918/1919 academic year, a private secondary coeducational eight-grade school operating under the curriculum of male gymnasiums, in accordance with the Law of 1914.
(Note: previously all the school were separate for boys and girls)
A requirement issued by the Ministry to submit a list of teachers indicating their educational qualifications.
A certificate from the Gaysin District People’s Education Board confirming that the teacher V. Ozeranska attended courses in Ukrainian studies, held in the town of Gaysin from 30 July to 27 August 1918.
A petition submitted by V. Ozeryanska to the Trustee of the Kyiv Educational District, dated 1 October 1918, requesting appointment to the position of full (regular) teacher at the Khashchevatoye Gymnasium, with responsibility for teaching the Ukrainian language and Geography, with supporting documents attached (certificate), in addition to her petition of August 30th, 1918.
Internal clerical notes of the Kyiv Educational District indicating that Ozeranska’s petition (dated 30/08) was not registered for consideration in the first, second, third, or fifth departments (“tables”) of the office. [The omission of the fourth department suggests her petition may have been registered there.]
Courtesy of Evelina Art.
Her grandmother was one of the teachers.
Teachers in the main school in Khashchevatoye: N. V. Bondar and Lyubov A. Kryzhanovskaya (Eva's grandmother). 1928
Courtesy of Evelina Art
Teachers and pupils in the main school in Khashchevatoye. 1929
Among the pupils: Riva Faivelevitch, Riva Nudelman, Sonya Serebriska, Yonina Schokhet, Tzipa Sokiryansky.