HTTP / HTTPS

Networking protocols that are part of the Application Layer: Manages communication between software applications and network services.

Application Layer

Application is the layer that handles the end user interaction with the internet. For example HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) which is used by the web browsers, or DNS (Domain Name System) which creates human readable network names such as “www.google.com” instead of something like 192.168.1.1.

--> Examples of Application Layer Protocols

TELNET, TELetype NETwork 🔵 FTP, File Transfer Protocol 🔵 TFTP, Trivial File Transfer Protocol 🔵 NFS, Network File System 🔵 SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 🔵 LPD, Line Printer Daemon 🔵 X window 🔵 SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol 🔵 DNS, Domain Name System 🔵 DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 🔵 HTTP, Hypertext Transfer Protocol /HTTPS, Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure 🔵 POP, Post Office Protocol 🔵 IRC, Internet Relay Chat 🔵 MIME, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol and HTTPS is the more secured version of HTTP, that’s why HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. This protocol is used to access data from the World Wide Web. The Hypertext is the well-organized documentation system that is used to link pages in the text document.

HTTP is based on the client-server model.
It uses TCP for establishing connections.
HTTP is a stateless protocol, which means the server doesn’t maintain any information about the previous request from the client.
HTTP uses port number 80 for establishing the connection.

HTTP Messages - HTTP | MDNHTTP messages are how data is exchanged between a server and a client. There are two types of messages: requests sent by the client to trigger an action on the server, and responses, the answer from the server.

More possible examples:

1. Data Transmission:

Protocols facilitate the exchange of data between devices. For instance, when you browse a website, your web browser uses the HTTP protocol to request web pages from a server. The server responds with the requested content using the same protocol.

2. Encryption and Security:

Protocols like SSL/TLS secure data transmission. When you visit a website with HTTPS (HTTP over TLS), the protocol encrypts data exchanged between your browser and the server, protecting sensitive information from eavesdropping.