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Single phase TM substituted CeO2 nanoparticles reveal the importance of oxygen vacancies on the electronic properties of the materials. The effect of substitution on the structural, optical, and photoluminescence properties of CeO2 are studied systematically. Lattice expands or shrinks and hence strain gets modified owing to incorporation of dopants in CeO2. Optical absorption analysis shows a red/blue shift in band-gap with substitution.
X-ray absorption (XAS) can be studied to assess local structure and the presence of mixed valence states due to Ce4+ and Ce3+ to preserve the charge neutrality in lattice.
Photoluminescence studies can reveal modifications in defect concentration which can enhance or quench the PL emission. Vibration modes at different frequencies in Raman spectra can be indicators of incorporation of dopants in CeO2 lattice and some broad peak may appear at ~ 540-640 cm-1 with substitution correlated with the defects related to the content of oxygen vacancy.
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