SPS7 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain transformations and flow of energy within a system.

SPS7.a Construct explanations for energy transformations within a system. (Clarification statement: Types of energy to be addressed include chemical, mechanical, electromagnetic, light, sound, thermal, electrical, and nuclear.)

• I can identify and describe the different types of energy forms including chemical, mechanical, electromagnetic, light, sound, thermal, electrical, and nuclear energy. (Knowledge)

• I can identify (track) the types of energy transformation that occur within a system. (Knowledge)

• I can define the Law of Conservation of Energy. (Knowledge)

• I can describe energy transformations between different forms of energy. (Reasoning)

• I can explain the difference between open and closed systems. (Reasoning)

• I can summarize the energy transformation within a system. (Reasoning)

• I can explain how the Law of Conservation of Energy applies to a system by showing energy is only transferred and not lost. (Reasoning)

• I can construct explanations for energy transformations in an open and closed system. (Reasoning)

SPS7.b Plan and carry out investigations to describe how molecular motion relates to thermal energy changes in terms of conduction, convection, and radiation.

• I can distinguish between conduction, convection and radiation and give examples of each. (Knowledge)

• I can define temperature, heat, and thermal energy. (Knowledge)

• I can explain what is required for thermal energy transfer to occur. (Knowledge)

• I can explain how energy is transferred from particle to particle in conduction, convection and radiation. (Reasoning)

• I can classify given scenarios as conduction, convection or radiation. (Reasoning)

• I can infer which method of heat transfer occurs within a system. (Reasoning)

• I can plan and carry out an investigation that illustrates the molecular motion of substances in terms of thermal energy. (Skill)

• I can communicate data from an investigation to provide evidence of molecular motion of substances in terms of thermal energy. (Product)

SPS7.c Analyze and interpret specific heat data to justify the selection of a material for a practical application (e.g., insulators and cooking vessels).

• I can define specific heat and explain how specific heat relates to heat transfer. (Knowledge)

• I can list the differences between conductors and insulators. (Knowledge)

• I can identify factors affecting specific heat. (Knowledge)

• I can explain how the value of specific heat determines its use as a conductor or insulator. (Knowledge)

• I can solve basic problems using the formula for specific heat (Q=mc∆T). (Knowledge)

• I can identify the units for specific heat (Knowledge).

• I can infer whether a material will function as a conductor or an insulator based on its specific heat. (Reasoning)

• I can compare specific heat data to rank the usefulness of a material as a conductor or insulator based on its specific heat. (Reasoning)

• I can analyze and interpret specific heat data to justify the selection of a conductor or insulator for a practical application. (Reasoning)

SPS7.d Analyze and interpret data to explain the flow of energy during phase changes using heating/cooling curves.

• I can list and define the phase changes. (Knowledge)

• I can draw and label a phase change diagram. (Knowledge)

• I can draw and label a heating or cooling curve. (Knowledge)

• I can explain what a heating/cooling curve shows. (Knowledge)

• I can describe how energy flows on a heating & cooling curve. (Reasoning)

• I can explain the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions as it relates to the flow of energy during phase changes. (Reasoning)

• I can predict what happens to the flow of energy in a given scenario based on trends on a heating/cooling curve. (Reasoning)

• I can classify phase changes based on the flow of energy. (Reasoning)

• I can compare how temperature affects the release or absorption of energy. (Reasoning)

• I can create a heating/cooling curve for a substance from given experimental data. (Reasoning)

• I can analyze and interpret data provided by phase change diagrams and heating & cooling curves to explain how energy flows during phase changes. (Reasoning)