Atoms, Elements, and Molecules

Underlying this unit is the structure of the atom and relationships based on locations on the periodic table. This unit flows from the macroscopic view and ends with the microscopic atomic structure that is the basis for what is seen macroscopically. Students begin this instructional segment looking at the patterns and relationships elements have based on their atomic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity. Through multiple lessons students analyze and interpret data and use patterns to arrange elements logically to develop the periodic trends mentioned above. Utilizing these trends students then develop models for electron arrangement in atoms primarily focusing on the valence electrons and leading to a discussion of reactivity. The unit concludes with students examining the structure of the atom including all the subatomic particles and their relationship with the mass of an individual atom.