(Hafrey, 2017)
The flavorings in vaping start to kill the immune-fighting cells (macrophages). Most of the flavorings cause stress on the cells. When the cells are exposed to the flavorings, the cells start to get weaker and/or die. Harming these cells make you very vulnerable to allergens, getting sick more, and even getting diseases way quicker than the normal person. This is because the cells wont be there to fight the harmful cells in your body. Monocytes is another type of cell that is damaged due to the flavorings. This is a type of a white blood cell.
(Konkel, 2018)
A chemical called diacetyl is in some of the flavorings. It is mostly in the buttery-flavored ones. This chemical has been linked to popcorn lung. Exposure to nicotine-containing e-cigarettes can cause lung tissue destruction. Even though it is labaled as tobacco-free, it still has very dangerous chemicals. When these chemicals are inhaled to the lungs, there is a very high chance of getting cancer. There is an inflammatory response triggered when there are invaders, causing a chronic inflammation that could cause bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and/or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). When the monocytes are damaged it can also lead to wide range of lung problems.
(Garcia-Arcos, et al., 2016)
All it takes is 5 minutes of vaping to damage your blood vessels. This is because vaping leads to stiffness of the blood vessels. Stiff blood vessels can lead to a life threatning disease. The chemicals found in the electronic cigarettes could increase inflammation of the blood vessels and their lining. After vaping, the artery becomes slower than normal due to chemicals, and its slow response can weaken the heart. Nicotine has been seen to be a heart-toxic component as well. Chronic inflammation can cause a heart disease by triggering an inflammatory response when there are invaders.
(Prabhune, 2017)
Cancer could result when DNA replication takes place and cells do not replace the damaged DNA. Cells are less able to repair damage when they are exposed by e-cigarette vapor. The DNA could be effected in further genetic faults and could give them properties like those of cancer cells. There had been chemicals such as formaldehyde in the cartridges which is a cancer-causing chemical. Chronic inflammation can also cause cancer by triggering an inflammatory response when there are invaders.
("E-cigarettes can damage DNA", 2018)
This data shows that e-cigarettes cause a substantial risk for these outcomes.
(Glantz, 2017)
The chemicals in vapes cause DNA adducts, which is when toxic chemicals react with DNA. There are many toxic chemicals that effect the DNA. The cells that repair the damage are less effective because they were already exposed to the e-cigarette vapor. Nicotine had a huge role in effecting the DNA as well.
("E-cigarettes can damage DNA", 2018)