R was designed by statisticians and scientists to make their work easier and faster. They have most standard functions and features applied in data analysis and has many statistical algorithms are implemented as freely distributed libraries. It includes all the features that are required by data scientists.

There are two types of front ends i.e. R Studio and R Commander which will help you to load your data and work with it. They make it less of a compile-and-run language and more of an interactive world in which to do your work.

Highlights: Clever expressions for selecting a subset of the data and analyzing it

Disadvantages : Aimed at desktops, not the world of big data where technologies like Hadoop rule.

Java is a popular language preferred by almost everyone as there first language, thanks to its role as the lingua franca for AP Computer Science. There are millions and billions of JAR files that are floating around and running around the tech world.

Java 8 is a bit different. It includes with new features which aim at offering plethora of functional techniques that can unlock the parallelism in your code. The main plus point of this programming language is that you can work in earlier versions of Java, but it will still works in Java 8. But if you don't use it, You'll miss the chance to think functionally and write cleaner, faster, and less buggy code.

Highlights: Lambda expressions and concurrent code

Disadvantages: A bolted-on feeling makes us want to jump in with both feet and use Scala.

When Google set out to build a new language to power its server farms, it decided to build something that is simple and easy to learn and understand by compiling the main features or the functions of other languages. They wanted to keep everything, as one creator said, "simple enough to hold in one programmer's head." There are no complex abstractions or difficult metaprogramming in Go. It just includes basic features in a straightforward syntax.

Highlights: Just a clean, simple language for manipulating data.

Headaches: Sometimes a clever feature is needed.

When some of the JavaScript programmers got really tired of typing the programs with complex syntax like semicolons and curly brackets. So they developed a preprocessing tool that turns their syntactic shorthand back into regular JavaScript i.e. CoffeeScript. It is not a time consuming language and it makes the syntax smaller.

It also has some salient features that makes the code is easier to read, and understand the logic.

Highlights: Cleaner code

Disadvantages: Sometimes those brackets make it easier to understand deeply nested code.

Many programmers face difficulties in programming in C. The syntax is minimal and the structure maps cleanly to the CPU. Popularly known as portable Assembly. Even for all these advantages, some C programmers feel like they're missing out on the advantages built into newer languages.

That's why D is being built. It was built to update all the logical features of C and C++ while adding in todays future needs such as memory management, type inference, and bounds checking etc.

Highlights: Some of the most essential new features in languages.

Disadvantages: You trade some power away for the safety net.

MATLAB was a hardcore language for hardcore mathematicians and scientists who needed to play with complex equations and find solutions. It's still that, and more of today's projects need those complex skills. So MATLAB is finding its way into more applications as developers start pushing deeper into complex mathematical and statistical analysis. The core has been tested over the decades by mathematicians and now it's able to help mere mortals.

Highlights: Fast, stable, and solid algorithms for complex math

Headaches: The math is still complex.

The Internet of Things is new boom of today’s world. More and more devices have embedded chips just waiting to be told what to do. Arduino contains features of C or C++ functions that you string together. The rest of the work is done by compiler.

Many of these functions are new and creative for programmers, especially where programmers are using them to create user interfaces for general computers. You can read voltages, check the status of pins on the board, and of course, control just how those LEDs flash to send inscrutable messages to the people staring at the device.

Highlights: The world of devices is your oyster.

Disadvantages: It's largely C and C++ which make it bit difficult for the people who don’t have a good hold on these languages.

The devices are being developed by the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration that will monitor alcohol levels by detecting and sensing the driver’s breath or scanning the blood in their fingertips through the steering wheel or the push or start button in the cars. The results will be like this : if levels are too high, The car will automatically stop until the level the alcohol reach under the desired level set by the car system. by default, the alcohol level is set to 0.8. The alcohol level of drivers under 21 years of age is set upto 0.1. the car will automatically stop if the level increases above the parameters.