Unit Three - FROM MEDIEVAL TO MODERN
Essential Questions: “What religious, economic, and political events led to the development of Western Europe?” “What new ideas and values led to the Renaissance and the Reformation?”
Assessment: Renaissance Jigsaw presentation - An interpretation of art and literature.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS:
· Communication improved with new inventions and increased contact with other civilizations.
· Printing Press helped spread new ideas across society
· Citizens began to question institutions that were unable to prevent war and relieve suffering
· The Crusades helped open up new trade routes bringing new ideas to Europe
· Renaissance promoted individual achievement and potential and weakened the feudal social pyramid.
· Both men and women of the Renaissance were encouraged to be educated in the classics and not solely church traditions
· The health of Europeans improved as Plague subsided and climate warmed.
Changes in Medieval Society pg. 773 Chapter 14
1. What were three reasons for the increase in the food supply during the late Middle Ages?
2. What are guilds? How did they improve the working conditions for people in the late Middle Ages?
3. What was the commercial revolution? How did trade and business expand?
4. What changes to society were brought about by the commercial revolution?
5. Explain how urban life flourished between 1000 and 1150.
6. How did the Crusades bring about a revival in learning in Europe?
7. Who was Thomas Aquinas? How did Aristotle influence his writings?
8. Who were the scholastics?
Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance pg. 941 and The Northern Renaissance pg. 458 Chapter 17
1. What advantage did Italy have during the beginnings of the Renaissance?
2. What classical societies were being reborn during the Renaissance?
3. What is Humanism? How did people become more secular during the Renaissance?
4. Describe the Renaissance man. Renaissance woman.
5. Explain how the Renaissance revolutionized the arts. Include the contributions of some of the Renaissance artists.
6. How did literature during the Renaissance change? Who were some of the important writers of the Renaissance? Why were their writings important?
7. How did the Renaissance spread to Northern Europe?
8. Explain some of the major contributions of northern Renaissance artists?
9. How did northern Renaissance writers try to reform society?
10. Why was William Shakespeare considered the most famous writer of the Elizabethan Age?
11. Explain the important role the printing press?
12. What was the legacy of the Renaissance?
Luther Starts the Reformation (pg 973)
1. Describe how each of the following contributed to the Reformation in the church.
Printing Press –
Papal Corruption –
John Wycliffe and John Huss –
2. Who was Johann Tetzel? What are indulgences? Why was Tetzel selling them? Why did people buy them?
3. Who was Martin Luther? What are the 95 Theses? What three main ideas were at the center of Luther’s teachings?
4. What was Pope Leo X response to Luther’s claims?
5. Who was Charles V? What was the Edict of Worms?
6. Who was Frederick the Wise? How did Frederick help protect Luther from both Charles and the church?
7. How were Lutheran priests different from Catholic priests?
8. What happened to peasants who supported Luther’s revolutionary ideas?
9. Who were the Protestants?
10. What was the importance of the Peace of Augsburg?
11. Why did England become Protestant?
12. Who was Henry VII? Why did he want to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon?
13. What was the Act of Supremacy?
14. What were the consequences of Henry’s changes?
15. Who was John Calvin?
16. What was the doctrine of Predestination?
17. What is a theocracy?
18. Who are the Presbyterians?
19. Who were the Huguenots? What happened on St. Bartholomew’s Day in 1572?
20. Who were the Anabaptists?
21. What important role did Luther’s wife, Katherina Von Bora play in establishing a model for marriage for others to follow?
22. What was the Catholic Reformation?
23. Who was Ignatius of Loyola?
24. Who were the Jesuits? What three activities did the Jesuits concentrate on?
25. What were some of the important reforms of Pope Paul III?
26. What was the Council of Trent? What four important doctrines were agreed upon at Trent?
27. Briefly explain the legacy of the Reformation.
Luther