This unit establishes fundamental scientific knowledge essential for scientists and technicians across all science-related organizations, covering core concepts including animal and plant cell structure and specialized tissues, biological molecules such as water, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids, cell transport mechanisms, and enzyme activity. Understanding cellular structure and function forms the foundation for comprehending human health, disease diagnosis and treatment, bacterial infections, and agricultural applications in food production where plant cell knowledge enables the development of higher-yield crops. This comprehensive grounding in cellular biology and biochemistry provides the essential knowledge base needed to progress successfully in the science sector and advance to higher-level science programs including higher national certificates, degrees, and professional scientific careers. 

This unit centers on an individual investigative project where you will collaborate with your teacher to select a research topic, conduct comprehensive scientific literature searches, formulate testable hypotheses, and develop realistic project plans for tutor approval and feedback. Over several weeks, you will execute your investigation safely using scientific methodology and project management skills gained from previous units, culminating in an evaluative report that analyzes outcomes and suggests improvements. This comprehensive project experience develops essential independent learning capabilities, primary and secondary research skills, communication abilities, and critical thinking that mirror real science workplace environments, providing invaluable preparation for higher education in science-related courses and employment in the scientific and applied science sectors.