Read Aloud- Teacher reads stories and poems that are within the student’s band of text complexity reading levels. This familiarizes students with book language, story structure, descriptions, plot development, concepts of print, phonics and phonemic awareness, and the love of literature.
Shared Reading- Provides the beginning support that enables children to read independently. The teacher reads the story to the whole group or class. During re-reading, the children participate, reading more and more of the text.
Guided Reading- A small group, teacher-directed process that helps the children to develop the reading strategies they need to become independent readers. Many times, the teacher will encourage the student to identify deeper concepts of the book, such as story elements, characters, plot/theme, problem and solution, and more!
Independent Reading- Provides opportunities during the day for the children to practice and internalize strategies learned during shared and guided reading, using many different types of text.
Write Aloud/ Modeled Writing- The teacher models the processes an author uses in planning and writing a story or other product, for the whole class or small group.
Shared Writing- The teacher and the children work together through the processes that occur in writing: concepts and conventions of print, sound/symbol relations, phonics, and spelling.
Guided Writing- The children write with or for the teacher, following the same processes as Shared Writing.
Independent Writing- Children learn to write by writing for their own purposes and from their own experiences. They learn to think of themselves as authors, making good writing decisions while employing the entire Writing Process (from first draft through editing to “published’ product). Additional practice of discrete skills may be in the form of directed writing or worksheets.