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In this module, you’ll learn how to craft your own clear and convincing arguments using evidence from multiple sources. You’ll practice stating a strong conclusion, backing it up with solid reasons, and developing logical strands of reasoning. You’ll also learn how to organize your ideas using intermediate conclusions and enhance your argument with key elements that make your reasoning more persuasive and effective.
It’s essential to distinguish between writing an essay and constructing an argument. While essays often explore multiple perspectives and aim for balance, an argument is more focused and assertive. Its purpose is to persuade—by presenting a clear conclusion and supporting it with structured, logical reasoning.
In many subjects, you may be asked to weigh both sides of an issue before reaching a judgment. However, when you're building an argument, your goal is to convince your reader that your conclusion is the most reasonable one. Any opposing views are addressed only to demonstrate why they fall short.
The foundation of a strong argument lies in the reasons that support your conclusion. Although you may not always be asked to generate these reasons as a separate task, practicing this skill on its own will sharpen your ability to think critically and argue effectively.
Developing Your Argument: Expanding Reasons into Strands of Reasoning
Developing Your Argument: Expanding Reasons into Strands of Reasoning
Once you’ve identified your main conclusion and some initial reasons to support it, the next step is to develop those reasons into full strands of reasoning. This means going beyond simply listing reasons—you’ll now explain why each reason supports your conclusion.
One effective way to do this is by turning a reason into an Intermediate Conclusion (IC). An IC is a statement that is supported by its own reasoning and, in turn, supports your main conclusion. Think of it as a stepping stone in your argument: it helps build a logical path from your evidence to your final point.
Alternatively, you might start with a reason and then explain how it leads to an IC, which then supports your main conclusion. Either approach helps you build a more layered and persuasive argument.
Structure matters. Each paragraph should present a single strand of reasoning that supports an IC. Follow this simple rule:
One paragraph = one strand of reasoning
One strand of reasoning = one paragraph
To make your structure clear, leave a blank line between each paragraph. This not only improves readability but also helps you stay organized as you build your case.
How you will be graded:
How you will be graded:
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