Aavishkar 2020

Abstract: The increasing of nutrients in wastewater due to industrial activities is mostly difficult to handle. Particularly, wastewater from fertilizer, distillery and tannery industry contains high level of nitrogen which affects the ground water as well as surface water. Excessive intake of Nitrate containing water causes serious health hazards like Blue Baby Syndrome, Colo Rectal Cancer and causes other problems or hazards like Eutrophication of Algae Bloom. There are several methods used for denitrification. This paper deals with the study of the effects of Nitrates on surface waters, effects of Nitrates on human and animals, also focus on identifying natural adsorbent for denitrification and propose the best combination of natural adsorbent used and design a reactor setup using natural adsorbent to reduce the concentration of Nitrates in industrial waste water. The work intends to design and develop a reaction tank to remove nitrogen content from wastewater from fertilizer industry by utilizing adsorption using a combination of marine clay, sand, sawdust and wood chips.

Abstract:

Air pollution has always been an alarming development in the modern world. The postindustrial revolution world has witnessed rapid increase in the level of air pollution.Particulate pollutant is one of the six criteria pollutant as per the World Health Organisation. Exposure to particulate pollutants can result in short and long term health effects. Long and short term exposure has a different toxicological impact on human including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric complications, the eyes irritation, skin diseases, and long‑term chronic diseases such as cancer. In this study we aimed to monitor the PM2.5 and PM10 levels in industrial areas near Kalamssery and discuss the long and short term effects of pollution in the area. We also proposed practical measures for communicating the risk effectively and strategic measures to reduce the emission of pollutants.

Abstract:

Air pollution is one of the main challenges worldwide particularly in developing countries. It has dire implications for human health. Understanding the knowledge and behaviour of the population is key to the development and implementation of necessary intervention programmes. The aim of this study is to assess the attitudes, perceptions of air pollution and its epidemiological effects in Major Industrial Estate, Kalamassery. Perception of the people was analysed by conducting a questionnaire survey among the residents. The questionnaires with close and open ended questions were used in the survey in order to collect the data from household survey. Close ended questions were analysed using Likert scale and open ended questions were analysed descriptively. The study employed a cross-sectional design to obtain quantitative data from 300 respondents, and the results were analysed with SPSS. For the chemical analysis of the pollutants, samples were collected using Dust Fall Bucket method and other methods. Main chemical constituents of the sample collected from the area were tested using EDX. Results of both statistical and chemical analysis were used for risk analysis and suitable action plans were proposed.

Abstract:

Controlling phosphate discharged from municipal and industrial waste water treatment plants is a key factor in preventing eutrophication of surface waters. It is one of the major nutrients contributing in the increased eutrophication of lakes and natural waters. Its presence causes many water quality problems including increased purification costs, decreased recreational and conservation value of an impoundments, loss of livestock and the possible lethal effect of algal toxins on drinking water. Too much phosphate can cause health problems such as kidney damage and osteoporosis. According to WHO (World Health Organization), the permissible limit for phosphate in drinking water is 0.1 mg/L. According to EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), the permissible limit for phosphate for surface water is less than 1 ppm.

There are several methods for removal of phosphorous from water. This paper investigates the effect of phosphorus on water and focus on its removal by coagulation using Alum, Calcium Chloride and adsorption using Moringa oleifera, saw dust. The work intends to design and propose a new water treatment mechanism for phosphate removal and also study the comparison of phosphate removal efficiency by coagulation and adsorption from industrial waste water.

Abstract:

One of the major contaminants in drinking water is the excessive presence of fluorine(F). Excessive intake of fluorine through drinking water causes serious health hazards like dental and skeletal fluorosis affecting humans worldwide. The acceptable limit of Fluorine in drinking water is 1mg/L and the permissible limit is 1.5mg/L. If the concentration of fluoride exceeds 1.5mg/L, dental fluorosis occurs and if concentration exceeds 4mg/L, skeletal fluorosis is likely.

There are several methods used for the defluoridation of drinking water, of which adsorption processes are generally used more because of their effectiveness, convenience, ease of operation, simplicity of design, and for economic and environmental reasons. In this project our aim is to conduct a study on the fluorine removal efficiency by adsorption process using Zirconyl Chloride impregnated activated bagasse carbon as adsorbent and comparing the efficiency with the existing coagulation techniques.

Abstract:

The control of environmental pollution and the treatment of polluted water are of great concern. Within the past decade, electrochemical coagulation process has emerged as most effective wastewater treatment process as compared to conventional techniques. Electrochemical methods possess several advantages in terms of higher treatment efficiency and safety. Electro coagulation has been widely applied in the treatment of wastewater due to its cost effectiveness, generation of less quantity of sludge and improved process efficiency in the removal of soluble and colloidal pollutants. This paper deals with the study of effect of wastewater on human beings and environment. And, also focused on the study of influence of operational parameters such as electrode material, type of electrolyte and its concentration, reaction time, inter electrode distance, pH and temperature on the treatment efficiency. Based on the study, the work intents to design and develop an electrocoagulation system for wastewater treatment.