Stromberg, J. & Caswell, E. (2014, July 15). Why the Myers-Briggs test is totally meaningless. Vox. Retrieved from http://www.vox.com/2014/7/15/5881947/myers-briggs-personality-test-meaningless
After reading this chapter, you should be able to understand and articulate answers to the following questions:
Define personality and describe how it affects work behaviors.
Understand the role of values in determining work behaviors.
Explain the process of perception and how it affects work behaviors.
Understand how individual differences affect ethics.
Understand cross-cultural influences on individual differences and perception.
Behavior is a function of the person and the situation (Lewin, 1936). Over the past several decades, psychologists have developed impressive theories, measurement tools, and empirical knowledge of the person. The reason we care about individual differences is because we want to predict workplace behavior, and we can to some extent thanks to the following:
The usefulness of trait theories of personality, such as the Five Factor Model (aka FFM), which has helped us in understanding workers for decades (e.g., Barrick & Mount, 1991), and
Lewin’s famous formula, B = f(P, S), where behavior (B) is a function of the interaction between personality (P) and situations (S), as cited in Garrett, 1939.
Each of you has come to this class with a different understanding about these topics. For some of you, this is all old hat -- if so, feel free to skim through the basics, but dig deeper into the links to further your understanding. There are many optional resources as well and I encourage you to explore.
In particular, you should clarify your understanding on the following if you have any misconceptions or a lack of understanding of the general ideas here:
"Self-report personality tests show impressive validity in relation to a wide range of important outcomes. " - (Watson, n.d.) It's true!
But is personality stable or does it change? (Donnellan, n.d.)
But what about faking (a.k.a., Impression Management) and discrimination using these tests (Beaz, 2013; More on Impression Management - IResearchNet (2016).
Step 1: Read the Obituary of Johnny Carson (NY Times) - you can review other sources, too, but it's not required).
Step 2: Briefly answer the following questions (bullet points are fine). Be prepared to share your answers in our Live Meeting 1.
What can we say about Johnny Carson's disposition? Was he neurotic or emotionally stable? Extraverted or introverted? Open or conventional? Agreeable or disagreeable? Conscientious or aimless?
Based on the evidence presented in the article, where would a personality psychologist place Carson on each of the five dimensions of the FFM? On which facets would he be particularly high or low?
What does the life of Johnny Carson illustrate about the stability and change of human personality? What stayed the same and what changed about him over the course of his life?
What is your assessment of Johnny Carson's personality? How did you get to your conclusions?
Submit your work to the Assignment Dropbox: Mini-Case: Johnny Carson (this is prep for our live session! We will talk this out together).
What's important to remember as you prepare your work for this class is that the #1 skill I want you to learn in my classes is HOW TO SUPPORT YOUR OPINIONS/ASSERTIONS with evidence.
I want to graduate persuasive evidence-based practitioners who are capable of showing those they work with how to make organizations better (both for employees and for outcomes). That means you can't just turn in a bunch of unsubstantiated opinions and think I am going to (1) believe you prepared as requested without proof, and (2) reward you for developing your skills as expected.
Ok, so what does that mean??
The format my students find works best for my assignments is a persuasive memo (some find it helpful to write to a fictional audience as well - so they make sure to explain concepts we both know I am clear on but we also know you need to demonstrate knowledge of as part of class) . It can be helpful for you to include my questions as headings as well! So for this assignment, this would look like this - feel free to copy this and use as a sample:
Because of all the misinformation about individual differences out there, one of Dr. Brown's past lab students did a wonderful write up you might also be interested in: Snodgrass, M. (2015, March 5). What are we doing when we measure personality (at work)? [Blog post].
🎧 Try Harvard Business Review's IdeaCasts (you can click RSS then use Ctrl+F to search all episodes easier). For this lesson #474 Test-Taking Comes to the Office and #437 Learning What Wiser Workers Know are particularly relevant for our OB topics, while #Understand How People See You, and #463 Why We Pretend to Be Workaholics are relevant for self-management.
🎬 Watch a relevant TED Talk.
Bailey, M. (2014, November). The danger of hiding who you are. [Video File]. Retrieved from http://go.ted.com/CqZW
Cain, S. (2012, February). The power of introverts. [Video file]. Retrieved from www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0KYU2j0TM4
👓 There are a ton of great additional reading resources out there on these topics, here are a few of my favorites:
More amazing NOBA project goodies: "Personality Stability & Change"