While we currently have no way of preventing certain communication disorders, there are some things you can do to help protect your child's ability to communicate and help them avoid some preventable communication difficulties (and many of them also apply to adults as well).
Protect Hearing
Noise induced hearing loss is permanent. While hearing aides can help, they are not the same as natural hearing.
Practice Good Vocal Hygiene
"Vocal hygiene" is a term that refers to actions that can be taken to protect an individual's voice. There are many disorders that can impact the voice such as vocal nodules, cysts, etc. A few tips for good vocal hygiene include:
Wear Helmets
Helmets have been shown by scientific studies to reduce the risk of traumatic brain injury and death. Traumatic brain injury can range from mild (concussions) to severe (resulting in comas or death). Traumatic brain injury can result in communication difficulties. Even repeated minor brain injuries (concussions) can lead up to significant long term consequences. Consider researching how to appropriately wear a helmet and model the use of helmets for your child in addition to having them wear one. Helmets can be worn when biking, skating, scooting, playing sports such as football, etc.
Other tips for preventing brain injury include wearing seat belts, supervising children at play on the playground, and using appropriate car seats installed correctly.
Monitor Language Development
Keep track of your child's language milestones. If you suspect your child may have an issue, contact a Speech Language Pathologist as soon as possible so they can help determine whether or not your child may need services, as early intervention is beneficial to long term outcomes.