Syllabus Dot Point
testing of materials
– specialised testing of engineering materials and systems
– X-ray
Destructive material testing & non-destructive testing (NDT).
In destructive materials testing, the material is damaged; in non-destructive materials testing, the workpiece is left undamaged
X-Ray inspection is a non-destructive testing process for detecting subsurface discontinuities in metals, polymers, and composite materials. The process saturates the part with radiation, which creates areas of preferential absorption based on material density and voids.
This non-destructive testing process allows quick and accurate crack detection on almost any solid material such as metal, most plastics, rubber and nonporous ceramics. Any detected flaw will show up very clearly as a vivid red line on a white background.
Ultrasonic nondestructive testing (NDT) is a well-established technique that utilizes high frequency sound waves to locate cracks and other hidden flaws in metals, composites, and plastics.
Tensile Testing
Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area.
Compressive Testing
In the compression test, a standardized specimen is loaded under compressive stress until it breaks or until a first crack appears. The testing of materials under compressive stress is carried out in the so-called compression test. Standardized round specimens are used, which are much thicker than tensile specimens.
Transvers Testing
Bend tests are applied to metal strips including a weld, to test the material at the bend location. Bending of the specimen is done around a cylinder of specified radius through a given angle.
Torsion Testing
Metal fasteners are often subject to torsion testing. A torsion test measures the strength of any material against maximum twisting forces. It is an extremely common test used in material mechanics to measure how much of a twist a certain material can withstand before cracking or breaking. This applied pressure is referred to as torque.