Engineering 2018-2019

Sound Amplification Project

How can we use physics to design and create an functional and ornamental phone speaker naturally.

Project Constraints

This is the list of constraints that this project will follow.

Step-by-Step Process List

This is the step-by-step process that this project will follow.

STEAM Google Site Entry

Science: Sound and Sound Waves

Technology: 3D-Printing

Engineering: Design and Design Process

Arts: Design and Color

Math: Size and Calculation

Final Product

The speaker model meets the seven constraints: Documenting the design process, creating the model with a client in mind, the speaker must increase the volume of sound by at least 150%, the model must be store quality, must be designed for a specific phone, use less than 150 cu inches of material, and it must be within 6.5" by 6.5" by 6.5"

Research: Existing homemade/D.I.Y. Speakers

The research done for this project was done to see the current examples of homemade/D.I.Y. Speakers, and to see the general design of the speakers and how they work. This knowledge will then be use to see what to avoid creating.

3D Prototyping Iteration 1

The purpose of 3D prototyping in the design process is to develop a testing model to test how it works and to reiterate on the current design. We are not able to physically prototype due to being in COVID-19 Quarantine, and are instead building the prototypes in CAD only.

The purpose of Evaluating and Testing the design is to make sure the design functions properly, and to make improvements to the designs where they are needed. We are not doing evaluation/testing on the CAD models because there is no way to test the models in CAD. If we were at the school building, we would cut out the model, and test the model there physically.

Sketch during COVID-19 Quarantine

Project Brief

This is the Geometric Motion Lamp project.

Project Constraints

This is the list of project constraints/requirements for this project. The final product must meet all of the constraints/requirements to be considered complete.

Geometric Motion Lamp Prototype

This is the first prototype of the Geometric Motion Lamp. This was developed from cardboard. Single Point Perspective Drawing was used to develop possible geometric ideas, which allowed the project design ideas to be communicated easier. The prototype currently meets the constraints of the project.

Video.mp4

Project Prototype Result

This prototype contains 12 LEDs and easily fits on to a 12" by 12" piece of wood. The bottom is open, allowing easy access to the electronic pieces inside. The shape of the model allows the model to stand freely. The code in the electronics shows three patterns that quickly cycle through each other, and shows the concept of motion.

The Code

The code operates all of the electronics and LEDs within the design. The code in 'void setup' runs once and initializes certain objects within the code. The code within 'void loop' runs indefinitely, and manipulates the electronics and LEDs.

void setup() { // All code that runs once and sets up the actual code.

pinMode(2, OUTPUT); //Readies outputs on the pin number specified.

pinMode(3, OUTPUT);

pinMode(4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(6, OUTPUT);

pinMode(7, OUTPUT);

pinMode(8, OUTPUT);

pinMode(9, OUTPUT);

pinMode(10, OUTPUT);

pinMode(11, OUTPUT);

pinMode(12, OUTPUT);

pinMode(13, OUTPUT);

}

void loop(){ //Any code in this runs forever.

int x = 0;

do {

digitalWrite(2, HIGH); //Turn output HIGH to pin 2.

digitalWrite(6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

delay(75); //Wait 75 Milliseconds

digitalWrite(2, LOW); //Output LOW to pin 2.

digitalWrite(6, LOW);

digitalWrite(10, LOW);

digitalWrite(3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(11, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(3, LOW);

digitalWrite(7, LOW);

digitalWrite(11, LOW);

digitalWrite(4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(12, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(4, LOW);

digitalWrite(8, LOW);

digitalWrite(12, LOW);

digitalWrite(5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(9, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(5, LOW);

digitalWrite(9, LOW);

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

x = x + 1;

} while (x < 10); //Do 'this' so long as 'x' is less than 10.

delay(500);

x = 0;

do {

digitalWrite(5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(9, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(5, LOW);

digitalWrite(9, LOW);

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

digitalWrite(4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(12, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(4, LOW);

digitalWrite(8, LOW);

digitalWrite(12, LOW);

digitalWrite(3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(11, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(3, LOW);

digitalWrite(7, LOW);

digitalWrite(11, LOW);

digitalWrite(2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

delay(75);

digitalWrite(2, LOW);

digitalWrite(6, LOW);

digitalWrite(10, LOW);

x = x + 1;

} while (x < 10);

delay(500);

x = 0;

do {

int y = 2;

do {

digitalWrite(y, HIGH);

delay(30);

y = y + 1;

} while (y < 14);

y = 2;

do {

digitalWrite(y, LOW);

delay(30);

y = y + 1;

} while (y < 14);

x = x + 1;

} while (x < 20);

delay(500);

}

The File

This image is a screenshot of the file used to create the model. The file was edited several times, and 2 laser-cut prototypes were created from the file.

Determine Angles

The base model, when cut out, does not have its edges parallel, reducing the craftsmanship. the solution to this was to sand the sides down to six 30 degree angles, so each side is parallel to each other.

Dry-fitting and sanding

The edges of the sides of the model have been sanded down, and fit smoothly when dry-fitted together.

Arduino Location and Copper Tape

Copper Tape was applied to the front end of the model. The Arduino was then installed on top of the copper tape.

20200204_094022.mp4

LED installation

The LED's have been installed and tested to light up. There was a problem with one of the LED's disconnecting, but that was quickly rectified. The LED's are wired to the ground wire and the Arduino. The colors of the LED's are Blue, Orange, and White.

Arduino Wire, Glue, and Finishes

The model has been glued together, and fits together. The model also has a hole in the corner where the cord of the Arduino can fit through. The lamp fully functions, and is fully assembled.

Final Overview

The model is freestanding, and has a geometrical design that does not appear naturally in nature. There are 9 LED's in the model, 3 of Orange, Blue, and White. Blue and Orange on a color wheel are complementary color, while White is an neutral color. The model was constructed out of a 144 square inch board of wood, and does not use more than 144 square inches of material. All of the electronic components (Arduino, wiring, LED's) fit within the model, and are easily accessible. The patterns that the LED's flash through convey motion, and cycles through 3 patterns. The LED's are located in such a way that the lights are symmetrical. Model functions fully as intended.

Science - Incorporated various aspects of physics in the model, including Light and Electricity. Soldering the wires into place produced smoke, and melted the solder, examples of Combustion and Conduction respectively. Color, and light as a whole, are transmitted through electromagnetic waves. Depending on those waves' frequency, different colors are seen. The color spectrum, the range of frequencies where light is visible, is rather tiny compared to the rest of the light spectrum.

Technology - We built a parallel circuit inside the model, and used various tools to construct the model itself. Coding for the model was done using the Arduino IDE. The prototype was made of cardboard, hot glue, and the electrical components (copper wire, solder, wires, LED's). The pieces of the model were laser cut from the program SOLID WORKS after several iterations., and were sanded down using a belt sander. The hole in the model where the wire leaves the interior of the model was cut using a band saw.

Engineering - The model was constructed with various power tools and angles. Went through the Engineering Design Process throughout the course of the project. Practice for the project was drawing figures in Single-Point Perspective. Projects done after this one will have Single-Point Perspective practices. The prototype model was made of cardboard, and fitted with hot glue.

Art - Colors of the LED's complement each other, colors were determined using Color Theory. Single-Point Perspective drawings were done for practice before the project. The colors chosen were Orange, Blue, and White. Orange and Blue, on a color wheel, are complementary colors (opposite). White is a general neutral color. All of the lights convey some form of motion.

Math - The size of the pieces were measured so they fit within the material constraints. The sides were sanded down at certain angles so the cut pieces fit smoothly against one another. The material constraints were that the model's pieces fit within a 12" by 12" wooden board (144 sq in of material). The material the model used fits well within the 144 square inches of material provided. The coding also used basic algorithms to create loops.

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