At the center of the MYP wheel lies the Core:
Approaches to Learning
Approaches to Teaching
Global Contexts
Concepts
and at the heart is the Learner Profile.
The IB Learner Profiles are 10 characteristics that encompass the aim of IB to "develop internationally minded people who, recognizing their common humanity and shared guardianship of the planet, help to create a better and more peaceful world."
The important aspect about the Learner Profiles is that they do not apply only to students. As human beings, we are all learners, and so we should all be striving to better develop these characteristics within ourselves. The second poster you see to the left, is the poster that reminds us as educators, that we need to strive for these ideals as well.
quote from the ibo. printed poster. 2013
The Approaches to Learning are skills needed in the 21st century. Because these skills are so important and have application to every person in every job, they are explicitly taught in the MYP and DP years. They are not formally assessed because we are never fully done practicing them. Teachers will identify which Approaches to Learning skills students will need to be successful on the summative assessment. Students will also identify skills that they wish to develop, which empowers them to be self-directed learners.
I Communication skills: Exchanging thoughts, messages and information effectively through interaction
Inquiry focus: How can students communicate through interaction
Give and receive meaningful feedback
Use intercultural understanding to interpret communication
Use a variety of speaking techniques to communicate with a variety of audiences
Use appropriate forms of writing for different purposes and audiences
Use a variety of media to communicate with a range of audiences
Interpret and use effectively modes of non-verbal communication
Negotiate ideas and knowledge with peers and teachers
Participate in, and contribute to, digital social media networks
Collaborate with peers and experts using a variety of digital environments and media
Share ideas with multiple audiences using a variety of digital environments and media
Inquiry focus: How can students demonstrate communication through language?
Reading, writing and using language to gather and communicate information
Read critically and for comprehension
Read a variety of sources for information and for pleasure
Make inferences and draw conclusions
Use and interpret a range of discipline-specific terms and symbols
Write and for different purposes
Understand and use mathematical notation
Paraphrase accurately and concisely
Preview and skim texts to build understanding
Take effective notes in class
Make effective summary notes for studying
Use a variety of organizers for academic writing tasks
Find information for disciplinary and interdisciplinary inquiries, using a variety of media
Organize and depict information logically
Structure information in summaries, essays and reports
Understand and implement intellectual property
Create references and citations, use footnotes/endnotes and construct a bibliography according to recognized conventions
Identify primary and secondary sources
II Collaboration skills: Working effectively with others
Inquiry focus: How can students collaborate?
Use social media networks appropriately to build and develop relationships
Practice empathy
Delegate and share responsibility for decision-making
Help others to succeed
Take responsibility for one’s own actions
Manage and resolve conflict and work collaboratively in teams
Build consensus
Make fair and equitable decisions
Listen actively to other perspectives and ideas
Negotiate effectively
Encourage others to contribute
Exercise leadership and take on a variety of roles within groups
Give and receive meaningful feedback
Advocate for your own rights and needs
III Organization skills: Managing time and tasks effectively
Inquiry focus: How can students demonstrate organization skills?
Plan short and long term assignments; meet deadlines
Create plans to prepare for summative assessments (examinations and performances)
Keep and use a weekly planner for assignments
Set goals that challenging and realistic
Plan strategies and take action to achieve personal and academic goals
Bring necessary equipment and supplies to class
Keep an organized and logical system of information files/notebooks
Use appropriate strategies for organizing complex information
Understand and use sensory learning preferences (learning styles)
Select and use technology effectively and productively
IV Affective skills: Managing state of mind
Inquiry focus: How can students manage their own state of mind?
Mindfulness
Practice focus and concentration
Practice strategies to develop mental quiet
Practice strategies to overcome distractions
Perseverance
Demonstrate persistence and perseverance
Practice delaying gratification
Emotional management
Practice strategies to overcome impulsiveness and anger
Practice strategies to prevent and eliminate bullying
Practice strategies to reduce anxiety
Practice being aware of body-mind connections
Self-motivation
Practice analyzing and attributing causes for failure
Practice managing self-talk
Practice positive thinking
Resilience
Practice ‘bouncing back’ after adversity, mistakes and failures
Practice ‘failing well’
Practice dealing with disappointment and unmet expectations
Practice dealing with change
V Reflection: (Re-)considering what has been learned; choosing and using ATL skills
Inquiry focus: How can students be reflective?
Develop new skills, techniques and strategies for effective learning
Identify strengths and weaknesses of personal learning strategies (self-assessment)
Demonstrate flexibility in the selection and use of learning strategies
Try new approaches to learning and evaluate their effectiveness
Consider content (What did I learn about today? What don’t I yet understand? What questions do I have now?)
Consider ATL skills development (What can already do? How can I share my skills to help peers who need more practice? What will I work on next?)
Consider personal learning strategies (How efficiently and effectively am I learning? What can I do to become a more efficient and effective learner? How can my understanding of personal strengths and weaknesses help me develop my own strategies for learning?)
Consider ethical, cultural and environmental implications
Keep a journal to record reflections
VI Information literacy: Finding, interpreting, judging and creating information
Inquiry focus: How can students demonstrate information literacy?
Collect, record and verify data
Access information to be informed and inform others
Make connections between various sources of information
Understand the benefits and limitations of personal sensory learning preferences when accessing, processing and recalling information
Use memory techniques to develop long term memory
Present information in a variety of formats and platforms
Collect and analyse data to identify solutions and/or make informed decisions
Process data and report results
Evaluate and select information sources and digital tools based on their appropriateness to specific tasks
Understand and use technology systems
Use critical literacy skills to analyze and interpret media communications
VII Media literacy: Interacting with media to use and create ideas and information
Inquiry focus: How can students demonstrate media literacy?
Locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media [including digital social media and online networks]
Demonstrate awareness of media interpretations of events and ideas [including digital social media]
Make informed choices about personal viewing experiences
Understand the impact of media representations and modes of presentation
Seek a range of perspectives from multiple and varied sources
Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media and formats
Compare, contrast and draw connections among (multi)media resources
VIII Critical thinking: Analyzing and evaluating issues and ideas
Inquiry focus: How can students think critically?
Practice observing carefully in order to recognize problems
Gather and organize relevant information to formulate an argument
Recognize unstated assumptions and bias
Interpret data Evaluate evidence and arguments
Recognize and evaluate propositions
Draw reasonable conclusions and generalizations
Test generalizations and conclusions
Revise understanding based on new information and evidence
Evaluate and manage risk
Formulate factual, topical, conceptual and debatable questions
Consider ideas from multiple perspectives
Develop contrary or opposing arguments
Analyze complex concepts and projects into their constituent parts and synthesize them to create new understanding
Propose and evaluate a variety of solutions
Identify obstacles and challenges
Use models and simulations to explore complex systems and issues
Identify trends and forecast possibilities
Troubleshoot systems and applications
IX Creativity and innovation: The skills of invention – developing things and ideas that never existed before
Inquiry focus: How can students be creative?
Use brainstorming and mind mapping to generate new ideas and inquiries
Consider multiple alternatives, including those that might be unlikely or impossible
Create novel solutions to complex problems
Use lateral thinking to make unexpected connections
Design improvements to existing machines, media and technologies
Design new machines, media and technologies
Make guesses and generate testable hypotheses
Apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products or processes
Create original works and ideas
Practice flexible thinking – arguing both sides of an argument
Use visible thinking strategies and techniques
Propose metaphors and analogies
X Transfer Utilizing skills and knowledge in multiple contexts
Inquiry focus: How can students transfer skills and knowledge among disciplines and subject groups?
Utilize effective learning strategies in subject groups and disciplines
Apply skills and knowledge in unfamiliar situations Inquire in different contexts to gain a different perspective
Compare conceptual understanding across multiple subject groups and disciplines
Make connections between subject groups and disciplines
Combine knowledge, understanding and skills to create products or solutions
Transfer current knowledge to learning of new technologies
Change the context of an inquiry to gain different perspectives
The Approaches to Teaching are 6 practices that guide IB teachers in their instruction:
Teaching is focused on inquiry.
Teaching is founded on concepts.
Teaching is developed in local and global contexts.
Teaching is reliant on effective teamwork and collaboration.
Teaching is differentiated to meet the needs of all learners.
Teaching is informed by assessment.
The Global Contexts are the lens through which students learn the real-world applications of the content they are learning in their units of study. Teachers choose the Global Context for their units of study, but students in the MYP, also choose the Global Context as it applies to their personal projects.
*This image is from the Anglican International School Jerusalem
The Key Concepts are not bound in any one subject or discipline and they help to "unlock" the thematic approach to the unit of study. They help to drive the inquiry in the unit as they push thinking into complex and rich depths.
*This image is from Indus International School
Want to learn more about the MYP? Go to the top of the page and hover your cursor over "Home," then click on the down arrow next to "Middle Years Program," and choose a page.