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Research Methodology: Types and Approaches
Traditional Research VS Action Research
Traditional Research VS Action Research
Research is a way to study a problem, collect information, and understand it better. In education and instructional design, there are two main types of research often used: traditional research and action research.
Traditional research is usually done by experts such as professors or professional researchers. It often takes a long time and follows strict steps. The goal is to create new knowledge that can be shared with others. For example, a traditional study might test how a new teaching method works by studying a large group of students across different schools.
Action research, on the other hand, is done by teachers, trainers, or instructional designers in their own classrooms or workplaces. It is smaller and more practical. The goal is to solve a problem or improve practice. For example, a teacher might try a new reading strategy with her students and study how it helps them. Action research is more personal and focused on improvement right away.
Quantitative Research VS Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research VS Qualitative Research
Both traditional and action research can use different methods. The two main methods are quantitative and qualitative research.
Quantitative research uses numbers and data. It looks at things that can be measured. For example, a researcher might give a test before and after a lesson to see if scores improved. The results are shown in numbers, charts, or percentages.
Qualitative research uses words, observations, and descriptions. It looks at people’s experiences, opinions, or feelings. For example, a researcher might interview students about how they felt using a new online tool. The results are explained through stories or patterns in the answers.
Mixed-method research combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches. It uses numbers and data and words and observations to get a fuller picture of what is being studied. For example, a researcher might give a test to measure students’ learning (quantitative) and also interview them about their experience using a new teaching method (qualitative). By combining both methods, mixed method research can provide more complete insights, showing not just what happened, but also why it happened.
Research Inquiry Paper
Reflection
From studying these types of research, I learned that traditional research is more formal and used to build theory, while action research is more practical and helps with daily teaching or design problems. I also learned that both quantitative and qualitative methods are important. Numbers show clear results, while stories and opinions show deeper understanding.
In my role as a Program Specialist for Multilingual Student Services, I can apply this knowledge in meaningful ways. Action research allows me to work directly with teachers and multilingual learners to test strategies, gather feedback, and make improvements quickly. For example, I can study how well a new English Language Development (ELD) curriculum supports students and adjust support based on classroom evidence. At the same time, I can rely on traditional research done by experts to guide larger decisions, such as adopting instructional frameworks that are proven to support language development. By balancing both approaches, I can make stronger choices, design more effective materials, and provide better support for teachers and students in my program.
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