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Data
Data
'Data refers to the discrete representation of information using number codes. Data may include characters (e.g. alphabetic letters, numbers and symbols), numbers, images, sounds and/or instructions that when represented by number codes can be manipulated, stored and communicated by digital systems.'
In computing there can be different data types including integers, characters, and Boolean. Data is often acted on by instructions.
These together could include:
text
numbers
music
videos
word documents etc.
Every piece of data that we would like the computer to process needs to be converted into a special language and code called Binary.
What is Binary?
What is Binary?
Read these web sites for an outline of the binary number system:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z26rcdm/revision/1 ( a series of pages)
https://www.schoolcoders.com/data-representation/numbers/binary/
Binary - simple base 2 math system of Zero's and One's represented by an OFF or ON electrical current.
Binary is a language that computers use to read and process data in the computer. It uses a very basic system of zeros and ones. These numbers represented as an electrical signal as either on or off.
0 = OFF and 1 = ON
These pass through the system processor and are read at extremely high speeds to process all that data that we use in our computers.
Wow does Binary work?
Wow does Binary work?
So how does Binary work?
So how does Binary work?
The binary system works on the Base 2 counting system. We know that each byte is made up of 8 bits, with each bit either representing a state of either on or off. We can use the Base 2 number system below to represent numbers by adding up the base 2 numbers below to make a number.
Counting in Binary
Counting in Binary
The two tables below show how numbers in binary correspond to the decimal numbers we are familiar with
(the first goes from 0 -> 15, the second from 0 -> 19)
How to count in binary
How to count in binary
How to count in binary
How to count in binary
The number 1 would be represented as: 0000001
The number 2 would be represented as: 00000010
The number 6 would be represented as: 00000110 because 4 + 2 = 6
The number 42 would be represented as: 00101010 because 32 + 8 + 2 = 42
The first eight columns of binary digits can be understoo to respresent the following decimal numbers:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Binary games - Learn how to count in a fun way!
Binary games - Learn how to count in a fun way!
Play this game first:
Play this game first:
Play this (harder) game second:
Play this (harder) game second:
Additional resources
Additional resources
Binary calculator: https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall07/cos109/bc.html
More information about binary / decimal conversions: https://www.calculator.net/binary-calculator.html
Another binary video + activity booklet PDF (log into your school account to access these resources):
https://online.clickview.com.au/libraries/videos/26619390/what-is-binary-Another binary video + a number of activity booklet PDFs (log into your school account to access these resources):
Binary & Data Representation
Binary & Data Representation
Code Your Name in Binary
Code Your Name in Binary
Activity
Code your name in binary using the guide of letters -> decimal nubmers -> binary numbers using the two tables on the left.
Pair up and double check that both you and your partner has the code correct.
An example has been provided for you on the right.
Binary & Data Storage
Binary & Data Storage
Bits and Bytes - Storage
One Binary number is stored as a Bit.
8 Bits = 1 byte
One Byte of information will only represent one tiny piece of data. For example if you wanted to enter the number 1 into the computer, the binary number for this unit is 00000001.
What about bigger data?
What about bigger data?
1 kilobyte - 1024 bytes
1 Megabyte = 1024 KB
1 Gigabyte = 1024MB
1 Terabyte = 1024GB
More Binary Videos
More Binary Videos
00 Analog_and_Digital_Differences.mp401 The Digital Computer -- Bits and Bytes.mp400 Analog_and_Digital_Differences
01 The Digital Computer -- Bits and Bytes
02 Binary Code and Representing Characters on the Computer.mp403 Characters, Symbols and ASCII.mp402 Binary Code and Representing Characters on the Computer
03 Characters, Symbols and ASCII
Old activities below...
Old activities below...
08 IT Studies - Computer Systems - Task 4 Outline (HIacovou).pdfActivity
Activity
Download and complete the Binary Conversion Work Sheet
Activity
Activity
Download, complete and save the following worksheet:
08 IT Studies - Computer Systems - Task 4 Question Sheet (HIacovou).docThat's Numbers, So How is other Data Represented?
That's Numbers, So How is other Data Represented?
Other examples:
One pixel or one dot on your screen of colour is represented as an RGB.
Black: (0,0,0), (00000000,00000000,00000000), (00,00,00)
White: (255,255,255), (11111111,11111111,11111111), (FF,FF,FF)
Red: (255,0,0), (11111111,00000000,00000000), (FF,00,00)
Green: (0,255,0), (00000000,11111111,00000000), (00,FF,00)
Blue: (0,0,255), (00000000,00000000,11111111), (00,00,FF)
Your computer screen is made up of nearly 786,000 pixels. That's a lot of zeros and one's being processed by your computer
Letters and characters are also represented in binary. One byte of information is sent to the computer. Each character has its own special number code and is referred to ASCII code (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). Computers can only understand numbers, so an ASCII code is the numerical representation of a character such as 'a' or '@' or an action of some sort. You can look at the table of ASCII codes
Time to take the Quiz
Time to take the Quiz
Take the online quiz to test your understanding of Binary and Data. Note: You need to be logged into your school Google account.
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