Simple machines

PULLEY

A basic pulley comprises of a wheel on a fixed axle, with a groove along the edges to guide a rope or cable. In this kind of simple machine, you will find more important aspects, such as:

Load = the weight of an object

Effort = the amount of force required to lift or move this object.

LEVER

Levers help us lift loads with less effort. Even though this looks simple there are many things going on in order to lift the object easily.

A lever can be described as a long rigid body with a fulcrum along its length.

Load :

The object you’re lifting.

Fulcrum :

Point at which the lever pivots.

Effort :

The force applied to make the object move.

Types of Lever :

They are classified into three categories depending on the relative position of the load, fulcrum and force.

The 1st Class Lever –

where, the fulcrum is in between the effort and the load. E.g. Seesaw

The 2nd Class Lever –

where, the load is between the fulcrum and the effort. E.g. Wheelbarrow

The 3rd Class Lever –

where, the effort is between the fulcrum and the load. E.g Fishing rod

http://www.primarygames.com/math/leverphysics/

http://www.superteachertools.us/jeopardyx/jeopardy-review-game.php?gamefile=902676#.VzytrGPE7Vp

https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/career-clusters/business-management-and-administration/eng15904/identifying-lever-classes

Inclined plane

An inclined plane is a ramp that helps us to move heavy objects up and down heights. It is a plane surface set at an angle, which is different than a right angle, against a horizontal surface.

SCREW

A screw is a simple machine to hold things together.

WEDGE

A wedge is an object with at least one slanting side ending in a sharp edge, which cuts material apart or holds an object in place.

WHEEL AND THE AXLE

An axle is a rod that runs through a hole in the wheel. The axle can then be attached to a wagon, the body of a car, or other equipment.

GAMES

https://www.msichicago.org/play/simplemachines/

http://archive.fossweb.com/modules3-6/LeversandPulleys/activities/rubegoldbergmachine.html

Project

This project consists of creating a simple machine, we will create a catapult. If you prefer to create a different machine you will have to explain your idea to the teacher.

Materials:

Popsicle stick
Elastic rubber bands
Plastic lid/bottle top

These pictures will help you understand.

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