Summary:
What is the stem and what does it do?
It is the part of the plant that connects the roots to the leaves. It has serveral functions in the plant:
It is the "road" water and minerals follow to reach the leaves.
Once water and minerals are transformed into food for the plant, the stem transports food everywhere in the plant.
The stem fixes the plant to the roots.
The stem holds the leaves.
So we can say the stem is like a highway, in which water and minerals go up to the leaves and food comes down to reach every part of the plant.
Plants are living things and they need food (energy) to survive. Every part of the plant needs it: roots, stem, leaves,... The same than your body: toes, feet, hands, ears,..., they all need food (energy) to survive.
What different types of stem can we find?
Herbaceous stems: they are frail.
Woody stems: they are more rigid. They are made of wood.
Types of woody stems, according to their height:
Bush: smaller than 1 meter.
Shrub: between 1 and 5 meters.
Tree: taller than 5 meters.