Energy

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Whole Topic Checklist

Define a system as an object or group of objects and state examples of changes in the way energy is stored in a system
Describe how all the energy changes involved in an energy transfer and calculate relative changes in energy when the heat, work done or flow of charge in a system changes
Use calculations to show on a common scale how energy in a system is redistributed
Calculate the kinetic energy of an object by recalling and applying the equation: [ Ek = ½mv2 ]
Calculate the amount of elastic potential energy stored in a stretched spring by applying, but not recalling, the equation: [ Ee= ½ke2 ]
Calculate the amount of gravitational potential energy gained by an object raised above ground level by recalling and applying, the equation: [ Ee = mgh ]
Calculate the amount of energy stored in or released from a system as its temperature changes by applying, but not recalling, the equation: [ ΔE = mcΔθ ]
Define the term 'specific heat capacity'
Required practical 1: investigation to determine the specific heat capacity of one or more materials.
Define power as the rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done and the watt as an energy transfer of 1 joule per second
Calculate power by recalling and applying the equations: [ P = E/t & P = W/t ]
Explain, using examples, how two systems transferring the same amount of energy can differ in power output due to the time taken
State that energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but cannot be created or destroyed and so the total energy in a system does not change
Explain that only some of the energy in a system is usefully transferred, with the rest ‘wasted’, giving examples of how this wasted energy can be reduced
Explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfers and the relationship between thermal conductivity and energy transferred
Describe how the rate of cooling of a building is affected by the thickness and thermal conductivity of its walls
Required practical 2: investigate the effectiveness of different materials as thermal insulators and the factors that may affect the thermal insulation properties of a material.
Calculate efficiency by recalling and applying the equation: [ efficiency = useful power output / total power input ]
HT ONLY: Suggest and explain ways to increase the efficiency of an intended energy transfer
List the main renewable and non-renewable energy resources and define what a renewable energy resource is
Compare ways that different energy resources are used, including uses in transport, electricity generation and heating
Explain why some energy resources are more reliable than others, explaining patterns and trends in their use
Evaluate the use of different energy resources, taking into account any ethical and environmental issues which may arise
Justify the use of energy resources, with reference to both environmental issues and the limitations imposed by political, social, ethical or economic considerations