TRANSFORMATION OF WESTERN EUROPE AND RUSSIA 

  1-A variety of significant geographical features  W1

2-Drawing conclusions of the past using material remains

3-Characterized by vast oceans, important bodies of water and land masses 

4-Extremes in climate 

5-Geologic history 

6-Seismic activity in eastern Mediterranean and  the Ring of Fire W1

Geographic representations of the Eastern Hemisphere 

7-Located and represented using a variety of maps, globes, aerial and satellite photographs, and computer models

8-Maps represent varied climate zones, landforms, bodies of water, and resources  

9-Places can be located using cardinal and intermediate directions 

10-Distance can be measured W4

The continents, countries and regions of the Eastern Hemisphere 

11-Defined by political boundaries 

12-Defined by physical boundaries 

13-Characterized by economic and cultural features 

14-Share a long and diverse history 

15-Important individuals, groups, and institutions 

16-Regions of the Eastern Hemisphere 

17-Middle East (North Africa and Southwest Asia) 

18-Sub-Saharan Africa  

19-Europe  Russia, Caucasia, Central Asia  

20-East Asia  

21-Southeast Asia  

22-South Asia  

23-Oceania 

Physical environment influences human activities and development in the Eastern Hemisphere

     24-Patterns in human settlement  

 25-Economic activity  

           26. Natural resources  

 27. Resource extraction  

 28. Resource allocation vs. scarcity of resources present-day  

 29. Resource allocation vs. scarcity of resources in present-day  

 30. FOCUS: Case Study of current regional issues of the Eastern Hemisphere (Access to potable water,      desertification in Nothern Africa, loss of the Coral reefs in Oceania, Overpopulation in China or India)

 31. Aswan High Dam Case Study: Nile Valley basin (Positive outcomes & Negative consequence)      

Development of Early Civilizations 

1- The Rift Valley W1

2-Later Stone Age or Upper Paleolithic including the Upper Paleolithic Revolution W1

3-Settlement in varied environments   W1

4-Available resources and environment contributed to distinct ways of life W2

5-Archaeological Record ( *Evidence of himinids and early humans. *Archaeological digs, artifacts and the fossil record, art. *Human migration patterns and settlements) W2

6-Spanish viewpoints of conquest  W3

7-The Neolithic Revolution as a Turning Point (Sifnificant social, cultural, ecological, political, or economic change. *Domestication of animals. *Advances in agriculture. *Semi-sedentary and sedentary settlement. *Pastoral nomadic people.  W2  

8-Comparison of the property system among the Spanish and the communal sources of wealth among the natives W3

Early River Valley Civilizations in the Eastern Hemisphere (ca. 3500 B.C.E. – ca. 500 B.C.E.) 

9-Early Civilizations: Development of the ancient river valley civilizations (Geographic, food production, innovation and new technologies, customs, beliefs, languages, early trade, medicine, disease, military and early leaders)  W4

Characteristics of Complex Societies and Civilizations (Indus, Mesopotamia, Nile and Yellow River valley civilizations) 

10-Religion, Job specialization, cities, government, language, record keeping system, technology and social hierarchy)  W5

11-FOCUS: Case study of Early River Valley Civilizations W6

12-Compare and contrast two early river valley civilizations: (geographic, environment, daily life, social, economic, and political organization, culture, religious beliefs, development of science, political and social hierarchies, gender roles, distribution of and access to wealth, social structures, unique achievements)  W7

13- GENERAL REVIEW W8

TRANSFORMATION OF WESTERN EUROPE AND RUSSIA 

Renaissance and Humanism (1314-ca. 1750) 

1-Human and physical geography (Ptolemaic model, Copernican model, Mercator map, proximity to Islamic World)  

2-Late Middle Ages (Western European institutions, ideas, beliefs and practices)  

3-Shift in worldview (otherworldly to secular)  

4-Economics and trade  

5-Greco-Roman revival and legacy (interest in humanism) 

6-Art and architecture (Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo)  

7-Literature (Dante, Cervantes, Shakespeare)  

8-Political science (Machiavelli)  

9-Innovations (Gutenberg’s moveable type printing press, cartography, naval engineering, navigational and nautical devices)  

10-Beliefs, laws, and norms limiting the education and public roles of women (1400- 1750)  

11-Role of the Islamic caliphates in the diffusion of goods, ideas and technology (printing, paper, navigational tools, mathematics, and medical science 

Reformation and Counter Reformation (1517-1660) 

12-Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses: the challenge to the power and authority of the Roman Catholic Church  

13-Religious and social upheaval  

14-Anti-Semitic laws and policies, marginalization of Jewish people in European society  

15-Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and the English Reformation  

16-Calvin and other reformers  

17-Counter Reformation (Ignatius Loyola, Council of Trent)  

18-Roles of men and women within the Christian churches  

19-Religious wars in Europe: causes and impacts 

Political Ideologies: Global Absolutism 

20-The decline of the Mongols (Golden Horde) on the rise of Moscow  

21-Efforts to contain Ottoman Empire in Russia and Islamic caliphates in Spain and Portugal  

22-Thomas Hobbes, The Leviathan  

23-Absolutism and Divine Right theory  

24-Key figures (Akbar the Great, Suleiman the Magnificent, Philip II, Louis XIV, Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great and Catherine the Great)  

25-Autocracy and absolutism under Louis XIV and Peter the Great 

The Scientific Revolution (1543 – ca. 1750 C.E.) .

26-Copernicus and heliocentric universe  

27-Galileo Galilei, Newton  

28-The scientific method  

29-Women in the sciences (Maria Sibylla Merian, Emilie Du Chatelet)  

30-Building on the ideas of China, India, and the Islamic world 

The Enlightenment 

31-A response to absolutism  

32-Magna Carta (1215)  

33-Divine Right of Monarchy (Stuart rule)  

34-Puritan Revolution, the English Civil War, Oliver Cromwell  

35-English colonization  

36-Glorious Revolution/English Civil War  .

37-Ideals of the Enlightenment - influence of Locke (The Second Treatise on Government), and Hobbes  

27-GENERAL REVIEW W8

INTERACTIONS AND DISRUPTIONS

Development of Transoceanic Trade Routes

 1. Spain and Portugal on the eve of the encounter

 2. Human and physical geography (various trade routes to India, Venetian and Genoese monopolies, location of Iberian peninsula and Prince Henry)

 3. Reconquista under Ferdinand and Isabella

 4. Expulsion of Moors and Jews

 5. Motivations for exploration and expansion Mediterranean trade

 6. Exploration and overseas expansion (Columbus, Magellan)

 7. Canary Islands and sugar

 8. Knowledge and technological innovations

The Encounter, Colonization and the Columbian Exchange (ca. 1450 – 1750 C.E.)

 9. Human and physical geography (the Columbian Exchange and ecological imperialism)

 10. European competition for colonies in the Americas, Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia

 11. The Atlantic Plantation Complex

 12. The triangular trade and slavery

 13. Slave forts

 14. The extent of European expansionism

 15. European mercantilism

 16. Spanish colonialism and the introduction of the Encomienda system in Latin America

 17. Dutch colonization in East Asia (Japan and Indonesia)

 18. Portuguese colonization in Africa, Arabia, India, and China

 19. Women facilitated the cross-cultural exchange between Europeans and indigenous populations (Pocahontas and La Malinche)

 20. Exchange of food

 21. Epidemic and pandemic

The Transatlantic Slave Trade (1493 – 1833 C.E.)

 22. The Atlantic Plantation Complex

 23. Results of the Encounter

 24. Demographic collapse of Native American communities

 25. Resource extraction

 26. Effects on Asante and Dahomey

 27. Demographic shifts in Europe and China following 1492

 28. Demand for plantation labor

 29. Plantations, servants, slavery, rebellion and resistance in Brazil, San Domingue, Barbados, St. Vincent, Jamaica, American South

 30. Silver trade (treasure fleets) European and African roles in the slave trade

 31. Slave forts in West Africa

 32. Social, political, and economic impact of the Atlantic slave trade on African regions and kingdoms (Angola, West 33. Africa and the Ashanti and Dahomey)

 34. The Middle Passage

 35. African Diaspora and the “Black Atlantic” Empire

 36. Social, economic and racial interaction in Spanish colonies (castas)

 37. Black Legend

 38. Dutch settlement in South Africa

 39. French and English colonies in the Caribbean and North America

Contact, Conquest and Colonization in the Atlantic World (1492 – ca. 1750)

 40. Political, economic, cultural and geographic effect of Spanish colonization on Aztec and Inca Empires

 41. Impact on non-Aztec and Inca peoples in the Spanish

Disruptions in the Eastern Hemisphere Trade Networks

 42. Shifts in global trade networks

 43. Changes brought about by ship design and the use of gunpowder

 44. Trading post empires

 45. The Dutch in the Indian Ocean

 46. The beginning of the “Great Divergence”?

 47. Ottomans, the Mughal, late Ming and early Qing

48-GENERAL REVIEW W8