jvasquez@cas.edu.gt
Embedded Files
Period one
Period one
Unit 1: MAYA CIVILIZATION: WHY DOES A CIVILIZATION RISE AND FALL?
Unit 1: MAYA CIVILIZATION: WHY DOES A CIVILIZATION RISE AND FALL?
From January 15th, 2024 through March 15th, 2024
From January 15th, 2024 through March 15th, 2024
Mayan Archaeology
1-What an archaeologist does W1
2-Drawing conclusions of the past using material remains W1
People and Society
3-Definition of civilization W2
4-City-States W2
5-Historical, geographical, and cultural information pertaining to the Maya civilization W3
6-The greater time-line of early Mesoamerican development W3 7-Common roles of people in Maya society W4
8-How Maya civilization changed over time W4
9-Chichen Itza, Copan, Caracol, Palenque, Tikal, Uxmal W5
10-Mayan writing system W5
11-Uses of writing W6
12-Cultural and societal significance of language W6
13-Maya trade goods W7
14-Mayan mathematical system W7
15-Cacao W7
16- GENERAL REVIEW W8
Period two
Period two
Unit 2: SPANISH CONQUEST AND COLONIZATION: HOW DO ISSUES OF POWER, WEALTH, AND MORALITY INFLUENCE EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION?
Unit 2: SPANISH CONQUEST AND COLONIZATION: HOW DO ISSUES OF POWER, WEALTH, AND MORALITY INFLUENCE EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION?
From March 25th, 2024 through May 24th, 2024
From March 25th, 2024 through May 24th, 2024
Spanish Conquest
1- Identifying bias in historical narrative W1
2-Historical figures and their legacy W1
3-Letters between Tecun Uman and Pedro de Alvarado W1
4-Bartolomé de las Casas W1
5-Timeline of conquest W2
6-Spanish viewpoints of conquest W2
7-People and events affecting the development of Guatemala W2
8-Comparison of the property system among the Spanish and the communal sources of wealth among the natives W2
Mayan Account of the Spanish Conquest using Primary Sources
9-The Chilam Balam sacred texts of the Yucatan Maya W3
10-Spanish Christianity to Guatemala W3
11-Human rights violations perpetrated by the Spanish against the Maya W3
Influence of the Spanish Conquest on Guatemala
12-Columbian Exchange W3
13-Crops, animals, and disease between the Americas and Europe and Africa W4
14-Diseases Trade goods W4
15-The control over plantation land and workers by Spanish colonists and elite natives W4
16-European influence with the development of chocolate W4
Colonialism
17-The purpose behind colonization W5
18-The effect of colonialism on Guatemala today W5
19–The effect of colonialism on development in Latin America W5
20-The long term influence of the vast wealth and power inequalities W5
21-The effect of colonialism on native cultures W5
22-Cultural changes (language, religion, traditions) W6
23-Enslavement by Spanish colonists and elite natives W6
24-Educational systems (encomiendas, churches, etc.) W6
25-New Spain established encomiendas to control the native workers and to gain profit W6
26-The drawbacks of relying on a single crop W6
27-Growing crops for export W7
o Staple crops of corn, beans, and squash were
replaced with cash crops of sugar, coffee, cacao, and
cardamom
o Products produced in New Spain were sold in Europe
and profited the Spanish
28-The negative effects of land exploitation W7
29-Large scale cacao production W7
30-Plantations, encomiendas W7
31- GENERAL REVIEW W8
Period three
Period three
Unit 3: GUATEMALAN INDEPENDENCE: WHY DO PEOPLE CREATE, STRUCTURE, AND CHANGE GOVERNMENTS?
Unit 3: GUATEMALAN INDEPENDENCE: WHY DO PEOPLE CREATE, STRUCTURE, AND CHANGE GOVERNMENTS?
UNIT 4: THE UNITED FRUIT COMPANY: WHAT INFLUENCE DID FOREIGN INVESTEMENT HAVE ON GUATEMALAN SOCIETY?
UNIT 4: THE UNITED FRUIT COMPANY: WHAT INFLUENCE DID FOREIGN INVESTEMENT HAVE ON GUATEMALAN SOCIETY?
From May 27th, 2024 through August 09th, 2024
From May 27th, 2024 through August 09th, 2024
New Spain
1- Administered by the Spanish Crown W1
2-Territory of New Spain (Northwestern and Central America) established in 1539 W1
3-Captaincy general in Guatemala W1
4-Capital in Antigua W2
5-Guatemala City capital in 1773 W2
6-Division of territory into indedants (roughly the current day W2
7-Countries’ borders) in 18th century W2
Independence from Spain
8-New Spain (Mexican) independence from Spain W3
9-Influence of U.S. independence from English on Independence movements W3
10-Declaration of Independence W3
11-Agustin de Iturbide merged Mexico with Guatemala W3
Timeline and Conflict
12-Independence from Mexico W4
13-Central American Federation modeled after U.S. government W4
14-Key Figures: Justo Rufino Barrios; Francisco Morazán; Manuel Estrada Cabrera o Social background of Political standing o Contributions/Lasting influence W4
15-Liberals and conservatives W5
UNIT 4: 1901 Rise of the United Fruit Company
16-Presidents of Guatemala: Manuel José Estrada Cabrera and General Jorge Ubico
17-General Jorge Ubico: dictatorship for 13 years W5
18-1930s: Ubico encouraged foreign investment in Guatemala to strengthen the economy W5
19-United Fruit Company received particular favors W5
20-Analysis: What did Guatemala have to gain from the rise of the UFC? W5
21-Analysis: What did Guatemala stand to lose? W6
1900-1930s: UFC investments and presence in Guatemala
22-UFC bought controlling shares of the railroad, electric utility and telegraph company W6
23-UFC controlled over 40% of Guatemala’s arable land. W6
24-UFC de facto control over Guatemala’s only port facility 10-What did this control from a foreign company represent in Guatemala? W7
25-How did Guatemala benefit from UFC’s presence? W7
26-How did Guatemala suffer from UFC’s presence? W7
27-GENERAL REVIEW W8
Period four
Period four
Unit 5: REVOLUTION AND COUP: HOW DO CITIZENS RESIST UNFAIR PUBLIC POLICY?
Unit 5: REVOLUTION AND COUP: HOW DO CITIZENS RESIST UNFAIR PUBLIC POLICY?
UNIT 6: NEOCOLONIALISM AND REVOLUTION: HOW DOES A NATION RESPOND TO ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES?
UNIT 6: NEOCOLONIALISM AND REVOLUTION: HOW DOES A NATION RESPOND TO ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES?
From August 14th, 2023 through October 13th, 2023
From August 14th, 2023 through October 13th, 2023
October Revolution 1944
1-Political and social climate after Ubico’s dictatorship W1
2-Motivations for revolution W1
3-Unrest after murder of a teacher by a soldier, leading to strike and overthrown of Ubico W1
4-October Revolutions and Revolutionaries W1
5-Ubico’s government overthrown by Nationalists- military, university students and liberal professionals W1
6-Resignation of Ubico W2
7-Three generals of Ubico resumed power W2
8-Overthrow of generals by Captain Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán and Major Francisco Javier Arana. W2
1944-1954 Ten Years of Spring
9-1945-1951 Presidency of Juan José Arévalo W2
10-1951-1953: Jacobo Arbenz democratically elected W2
11-Changes during Guatemalan Spring (free elections, free speech, the creation of political parties as well as social reform and land reform, permitted Unions on a restricted basis) W3
12-Allowed legal status of the Guatemalan Party of Labor, the Communist Party of Guatemala W3
1953 Agrarian Reform Act
13-Arbenz reformed land holdings in Guatemala W3
14-Land mainly held by UFC and private owners W3
15-Conditions of farm workers “peasants” W3
16-Redistribution of unused lands from major landholders to peasants to work as subsistence farming W4
17-Controversy over UFC land payments and value of land W4
1954 PBSuccess
18-Operation PBSuccess was a covert CIA-run operation to oust Guatemalan President Arbenz from office W4
19-Media and radio campaigns for Anti-Communism and anti-Arbenz throughout Guatemala by US Government W4
20-Economic manipulation by US companies with imports and exports W4
21-CIA influence on Guatemalan Military personnel W5
22-Exaggerated US-led campaign about presence of communism in Guatemala W5
23-Coup for Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas to take control of Guatemala W5
24-Resignation of Arbenz W5
Unit 6:
Civil War 1954-1996
25-The roots of the Guatemalan civil war W6
o The Spanish conquest of Guatemala W6
o Legacy of the plantation economy W6
o A series of military dictators aligned with the landed
oligarchy W6
26-U.S. Central Intelligence Agency backed coup commanded
by Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas against the
democratically-elected president, Jacobo Arbenz
o Reversal of land reforms
oRemoval of voting rights for illiterate Guatemalans
oEmergence of left-wing guerilla groups battling
government military forces W6
27-Efrain Rios Montt W6
o Seized power following a military coup
oAnnulled the 1965 constitution, dissolved Congress
and suspended political parties
o Formed local civilian defense patrols alongside the
military
28-US aid and intervention W6
o In 1977, President Jimmy Carter barred all Defense
Department sales of military equipment to Guatemala.
o In 1980 he extended the ban to commercial sales
o In1981, Ronald Reagan provided financial support
and military advising
o In 1983, Reagan lifted the US embargo on sales to
Guatemala
29-Rigoberta Menchu W6
o 1980 occupation of the Spanish Embassy by a group
of Mayan leaders
o Committee of the Peasant Union (CUC)
o 31st of January Popular Front
o Educating the Indian peasant population in resistance
to massive military oppression
o The United Representation of the Guatemalan
Opposition (RUOG)
o Nobel Peace Prize
30- Indigenous genocide W6
Post-Conflict Society
31- 1994-1996 Peace Accords and role of President Alvaro
Arzú W7
o President Ramiro De Leon Carpio, peace talks
between the government and rebels of the
Guatemalan Revolutionary National Unity began
o Agreements on several issues including human
rights
o Under Alvaro Arzu peace negotiations were
finalized
o Peace accords ending the 36-year internal conflict
were signed in December of 1996
32-Challenges to the implementation of the Peace Accords (did not have full support, inequality, low education levels, land disputes, security issues, mistrust of Civil National Police) W7
o Social and political changes after the Civil War
o Obligation of the government
o Citizenship participation (active and passive) in society,
education, and local community
33-Impact of the Civil War on foreign relations, culture and government W7
34-Universal Human Rights and individual rights in the Guatemalan Constitution Recognition of Human Rights violations during civil war W7
o Historical Clarification Committee
35-GENERAL REVIEW W8
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