Safety Skills 5-8

Always maintain three points of contact when entering or exiting the truck, or when mounting or dismounting in any other area. This means keeping two hands on the vehicle at all times. If necessary, adjust your position to ensure both hands remain in contact with the vehicle. This practice becomes habitual over time and can be lifesaving, especially in wet conditions. Therefore, practice maintaining three points of contact in all weather conditions..

Drivers should prioritize not only collision prevention but also the preservation of both the equipment and the freight being transported. This entails avoiding practices such as harsh braking, excessive speeds when turning or navigating uneven roads, and other actions that could cause damage. By adopting a mindset focused on preserving the equipment and freight, drivers not only adhere to legal requirements but also adapt their driving style to the prevailing conditions.

Moreover, the skill of driving with equipment preservation in mind is crucial because numerous maintenance problems stem from careless handling. While the equipment used is of the highest quality, its components and materials will have a longer lifespan and function more effectively when treated with care. Driving with this approach benefits everyone involved, as the company can avoid unnecessary equipment downtime and the associated expenses of preventable repairs. This, in turn, ensures that drivers can stay on the road and continue earning.

Drivers should preserve their equipment and freight they are hauling by:

• Maintaining a consistent, moderate speed

• Accelerating and braking smoothly to avoid sudden movements

• Turning corners gradually to minimize stress on the equipment

• Avoiding potholes and rough road surfaces

• Driving defensively to prevent accidents

• Inspecting the equipment and freight regularly for signs of damage

General Tips

• Reduce Speed: Significantly reduce speed during inclement weather. Increased stopping distance is required.

• Increase Following Distance: Double or triple your following distance to provide more time to react.

• Avoid Sudden Moves: Brake, accelerate, and steer smoothly. Avoid abrupt changes that can cause skidding.

• Stay Informed: Check weather forecasts and road conditions before and during your trip.

• Turn on Lights: Use headlights and hazard lights as necessary to increase visibility.

Specific Weather Conditions

Rain

• Hydroplaning: Slow down to reduce the risk of hydroplaning. Avoid driving through standing water.

• Wipers: Ensure windshield wipers are functioning properly. Use defroster if needed.

• Traction: Be aware that traction is reduced on wet roads.

Snow/Ice

• Chains: Carry and use tire chains when required by law or road conditions.

• Black Ice: Be extra cautious on bridges and overpasses, where black ice is more likely to form.

• Braking: Avoid aggressive braking. Gently pump the brakes if needed to maintain control.

• Steering: Steer gently and avoid sudden movements. If you start to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction of the skid.

Fog

• Low Beams: Use low beam headlights. High beams can reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

• Fog Lights: Use fog lights if available.

• Reduce Speed: Slow down significantly and be prepared to stop.

• Visibility: Increase following distance to compensate for reduced visibility.

High Winds

• Stability: Be prepared for sudden gusts of wind that can affect vehicle stability.

• Crosswinds: Exercise caution when passing other large vehicles, as they can create wind turbulence.

• Empty Trailers: Be extra cautious when driving with an empty trailer, which is more susceptible to wind.

Before You Go

• Inspect Vehicle: Check tires, brakes, lights, and wipers before departure.

• Fuel Up: Ensure you have enough fuel for unexpected delays.

• Plan Your Route: Choose a route that avoids hazardous areas if possible.

Parking a semi tractor-trailer requires precision and careful planning due to its size and maneuverability challenges. Here's a guide on how to park an 18-wheeler safely and effectively:

1. Backing In

• Slow and Steady: Back up slowly and carefully. Use your mirrors extensively.

• Check Mirrors Frequently: Constantly check all your mirrors to monitor the trailer's position and surrounding area.

• Use Pull-Ups: If you're not aligned correctly, pull forward slightly to readjust. It's better to make multiple small adjustments than to risk a mistake.

• Watch the Trailer Swing: Be aware of how the trailer is swinging and adjust your steering accordingly.

• Spotter (If Available): If in a tough spot and someone is available to spot you, use them. They can provide valuable feedback and help you avoid obstacles. Even still, always remember, you are responsible for your equipment.

2. Final Adjustments

• Straighten the Trailer: Once in the spot, straighten the trailer as much as possible.

• Leave Space: Leave enough space between your truck and other vehicles or objects.

• Set Brakes: Set the tractor and trailer brakes firmly.

• Chock Wheels (If Necessary): Use wheel chocks if required or if parking on an incline.

3. Safety Checks

• Walk Around: Walk around the truck to ensure you are within the lines and there are no obstructions.

• Clearance: Check for adequate clearance from other vehicles and objects.

• Secure Truck: Ensure the truck is properly secured with brakes set and keys removed.

Key Considerations:

• Practice: Parking an 18-wheeler takes practice. Find a safe, open area to practice maneuvering and backing up.

• Patience: Be patient and take your time. Rushing can lead to mistakes.

• Mirrors are Crucial: Your mirrors are your best friends when parking a semi. Use them constantly.

• Awareness: Be aware of your surroundings at all times. Other drivers and pedestrians may not be as aware of your truck's size and limitations.

By following these guidelines and practicing regularly, you can improve your skills in parking a semi tractor-trailer safely and efficiently.