How to learn from this module

Going through this module can be both a fun and a meaningful learning experience. All you need to do is make use of your time and resources efficiently. To do this, here are some

tips for you:

1. Take time in reading and understanding each lesson. It is better to be slow but sure than to hurry finishing the module only to find out that you missed the concepts you are supposed to learn.

2. Do not jump from one chapter to another. Usually, the lessons are arranged such that one is built upon another, hence an understanding of the first is essential in comprehending the succeeding lessons.

3. Be honest. When answering the test items, do not turn to the key to correction page unless you are done. Likewise, when performing experiments, record only what you have really observed.

4. Safety first. Perform the experiments with extra precaution. Wear safety gears whenever necessary.

5. Don’t hesitate to ask. If you need to clarify something, approach your teacher or any knowledgeable person.

What to do before (Pretest)

• The binary number system is the simplest number system.

• The binary number system contains two digits, 0 and 1.

• The binary number system is used to represent data for digital and computer systems.

• Binary data are represented by binary digits called bits.

• The term bit is derived from binary digit.

• The place value of each higher digit’s position in a binary number is increased by a power of 2.

• The largest value that can be represented by a given number of places in base 2 is 2n 1, where n represents the number of bits.

• The value of a binary digit can be determined by adding the product of each digit and its place value.

• Fractional numbers are represented by negative powers of 2.

• To convert from a decimal number to a binary number, divide the decimal number by 2, writing down the remainder after each division. The remainders, taken in reverse order, form the binary number.

• The 8421 code, a binary-coded-decimal (BCD) code, is used to represent digits 0 through 9.

• The advantage of the BCD code is ease of converting between decimal and binary forms of a number.

Boolean Algebra

In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values true and false, usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively. Instead of elementary algebra where the values of the variables are numbers, and the prime operations are addition and multiplication, the main operations of Boolean algebra are the conjunction and denoted as ∧, the disjunction or denoted as ∨, and the negation not denoted as ¬. It is thus a formalism for describing logical relations in the same way that elementary algebra describes numeric relations.

Base Conversion

Converting between different number bases is actually fairly simple, but the thinking behind it can seem a bit confusing at first. And while the topic of different bases may seem somewhat pointless to you, the rise of computers and computer graphics has increased the need for knowledge of how to work with different (non-decimal) base systems, particularly binary systems (ones and zeroes) and hexadecimal systems (the numbers zero through nine, followed by the letters A through F).

Simulation Activity

Binary

Binary Game

Binary Game 2

Binary Numbers 1-10

From binary to decimal

Flippy Bit And The Attack Of The Hexadecimals From Base 16

Self Check