Senegal occupies a surface of 196.712 km²

Borders Mauritania in the North, Mali in the East, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau in the South and the Atlantic Ocean in the West.

A 1700km-long-river clearly draws a natural border between Senegal and Mauritania

The second river of the country is the river Gambia which runs through the Bassari region before joining its country

The territory is rather flat except for a few strategic spots like the Ferlo desert in the center and the Senegal river basin in the North of the country.

8% of the territory of Senegal is composed of protected areas and has 6 national parks.

Climate in Senegal is diverse, with a desert region (Sahelian) in the North and a tropical region in the South. 

There are two seasons:

• A dry season from November to May, with continental trade winds and mild temperatures

• A humid season from June to October (ironically called “wintering”), with higher temperatures and monsoon rains

In the West, the coastline has cooler temperatures than in the East which remains, along with the center, the hottest place of the country. 

From North to South we can notice 5 large areas of tropical variation:

• The Sahelian area, the Sahelo-Sudanian area, the Sudanian area, the Sudano-Guinean area, the Guinean area

Terrain:

• generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast

Natural Resources:

• fish, phosphates, iron ore

Natural Hazards:

• lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts

Irrigated Land:

• 462 Square Miles

• 1,197 Square Kilometers

Environmental Issues:

• wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing