Sand comes from the erosion of rocks. The main ingredient in sand is quartz, as it erodes from all sorts of rocks and gets weathered in the form of grains at it is transported in water and wind. These grains are then deposited in rivers, deltas and along the coast.
About half of North Carolina counties mine sand. The Sandhills region in the inner part of the Coastal Plain (next to the Piedmont) is the main sand producer in the state.
Most sand is used for construction in the form of aggregates for concrete, asphalt, fill, bricks and concrete blocks. It’s also used as an abrasion material (eg. sandpaper and sand blasting) and to make glass.
The collision of Africa with North America during the formation of Pangea about 325 Million years ago produced very high heat in the rocks, resulting in large amounts of crystal formation. One of the areas where this happened is Spruce Pine Mining District, in the Blue Ridge Region. As a result, the area is well known for its mineral reservoirs, many of which are so pure that they are perfect for use as gemstones in jewelry.
North Carolina gemstones include:
Emerald
Garnet
Ruby
Sapphire
Aquamarine
Amethyst
Talc is the softest mineral there is, with a Moh’s Hardness of 1. Talc deposits are found along with the marble in Cherokee County but currently not being mined. Talc is used as a lubricant, to make paper white, in ceramics, paints, cosmetics and baby powder.
In the past, metals such as gold, copper and iron were mined in North Carolina, but not anymore.
Fun fact: North Carolina produced the first gold coin in the United States in 1832. Read more about NC gold coins at: http://goldfever.unctv.org/bechtler
Article about North Carolina Mining History:
http://www.smliv.com/features/digging-deep-into-western-north-carolinas-mining-history/Bechtler Dollar
(goldfever.unctv.org/bechtler)