Sensation & Perception overview slides
(Note: Perception is considered part of Unit 2 by College Board. However, we cover that topic in Unit 1B)Cognitive Psychology overview slides 1
Cognitive Psychology overview slides 2
Loftus Memory articles
"40 Studies" articles (Testing & Intelligence)
Make your own dragon using the pdf below:
http://www.grand-illusions.com/opticalillusions/dragon_illusion/
Here's another one similar to the dragon illusion
Michael Bach Website - Massive site of visual illusions
eChalk - Optical Illusions
http://www.echalk.co.uk/amusements/OpticalIllusions/illusions.htm
This is a very interesting article that ties together the rubber hand illusion with phantom limb syndrome. If you are interested, do a quick search for articles about the "rubber hand illusion." There is a lot of interesting research going on tying it to different aspects of psychology and attempting to understand why it happens.
Flash Mind Readers http://www.flashpsychic.com/
Below are the two articles that are assigned to partner pairs regarding Elizabeth Loftus' research on memory distortion - the 40 Studies article entitled "Thanks for the Memories" and the Scientific American "Creating False Memories"
Check your answers for the Visual Memory Quiz.
(podcast of the episode from June 2007 - note the references to names from class such as Elizabeth Loftus, Oliver Sacks, and Clive & Debra Wearing)
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/03/06/60minutes/main4848039.shtml
Below are the videos we watched in class related to problems with memory and eyewitness testimony. Note that it features a brief interview with Elizabeth Loftus.
An article in Scientific American looks at the accuracy of our memories for this tragic day. Psychologists have talked about "flashbulb memories" and many believe that they are accurate representations of our memories for emotional events. This article is an interview with Elizabeth A Phelps, who is the lead investigator of a study looking into the accuracy of 9-11 memories.
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=911-memory-accuracy&WT.mc_id=SA_CAT_MB_20110907
Mr. Wiltshire is an autistic savant who has an amazing ability for visual memory and artistic skill. As seen in the video below, he has demonstrated an ability to remember what an entire city looks like and draw it in almost perfect detail from memory. Absolutely amazing.
If you find this interesting, there are a lot of other videos out there about Stephen, so feel free to search for them. If you're interested in his art, the website for his gallery is athttp://www.stephenwiltshire.co.uk/ . Don't worry, his original artwork seems to be quite affordable, ranging from about a mere $10,000 to $30,000.
The classic brain teaser in interactive form to practice your problem solving skills. Can you get all three munchkins and all three monsters across the river (without anyone being eaten)?
Click the link to try out the problem solving game we tried in class.
A site with 61 different quick brain teasers for those of you that like that problem solving kind of stuff...
I know that you guys are a bit too young to remember this show, but this is classic tv cheeziness for my generation. In a desperate situation, MacGyver could somehow find a way to make a bomb out of a piece of chewing gum, a toothpick, and a paperclip. As long as you overlook the fact that most of this wouldn't actually work in real life... it's a fun example of the reverse of functional fixedness.
Rosenthal Study - The Pygmalion Effect and the Power of Positive Expectations
Intelligence Lab Question Sheet pdf version
Also, if you're interested...
The Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics (Edwin Black, San Francisco Chronicle)
Eugenics, Forced Sterilization, the Holocaust and the Gene Age (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
The Birth of Modern Intelligence Testing (APA - Ludy Benajamin Jr.)
"The Tests and the 'Brightest': How Fair Are the College Boards? (1980)
This is a fascinating and shocking video that has relevance to psychology in many different ways. If you get a chance to watch the whole thing, I strongly recommend it. If you love psychology and history like I do, you'll totally geek out over this video. For the purposes of this unit, there is a great portion starting at around 32 minutes that examines the Army Intelligence Tests, the Eugenics movement, John B Watson and the behaviorist movement fighting against Eugenics, and the application of eugenics and intelligence testing to racism and discrimination against immigrants.
Again... Remember not to take these too seriously... they are for entertainment purposes only. However, you might find them interesting. Also, it may give you an opportunity to reflect on what you're learning about what makes good intelligence testing and where these tests might come up short.
This is a replication of a famous experiment done in the 1960s by Walter Mischel at a preschool on the Stanford University campus. Mischel invited 4-year olds into a small room and offered them a marshmallow. They were told, however, that if they were willing to wait while he ran an errand, they could have two marshmallows on his return. Some children grabbed the single treat the minute he was out the door. Some lasted a few minutes before they gave in. Others were determined to wait. In the seemingly endless 15-to-20 minute interval, they resisted temptation in a variety of ways. They covered their eyes, they sang to themselves, they played games with their hands and feet, and some even tried to go to sleep.
The importance of how children reacted to the marshmallow challenge became clear some 12 to 14 years later. Those who resisted temptation at 4 were, as adolescents, more socially competent, personally effective, and self-assertive. They were less likely to freeze under stress and pursued challenges even in the face of difficulties. They were more self-reliant, confident, trustworthy, and dependable.
Even more remarkable was that when again evaluated as high school graduates, those who resisted were far superior students to those who acted on whim. They were better able to put their ideas into words, to use and respond to reason, and to concentrate, and they were more eager to learn. They also had dramatically higher scores on their SAT tests. The one-third of children who at 4 grabbed for the marshmallow most eagerly had an average verbal score of 524 and quantitative score of 528. The one-third who waited the longest had average scores of 610 and 652, respectively, a total score that was 210 points higher than the scores of those without self-control. Mischel suggested that the "goal-directed self-imposed delay of gratification" is the essence of emotional self-regualtion. It represents the ability to deny impulse in the service of a goal, whether in the building of a business, solving an algebraic equation, or pursuing the Stanley Cup.
My question for you is... in the "instant gratification" society that we seem to be living in, what implications might this have for your generation?
(here are more reproductions of the experiment... hilarious, by the way...)
(and just for fun... here's a hilarious parody of the marshmallow experiment... using adults!...)
Some of you may have heard of Mensa, which is an organization for the top 2% of the world's IQs. Check out the links below to view the US or international websites for the organization, or to take what they call the "Mensa workout" (which they state is not an actual IQ test and is for entertainment purposes only).
This is a great website from Indiana University which includes an interactive map of the history of intelligence theory and testing. Very well put together and informative.
http://www.indiana.edu/~intell/map.shtml
and here is the link to another page from the same site with a lot of hot topics to explore (i.e. the Bell Curve, Flynn Effect, Multiple Intelligences, birth order, Mozart Effect, etc.)
Human Intelligence: Hot Topics
This site provides a brief overview of the first widespread use of intelligence testing. With psychologists Lewis Terman's assistance, the US government developed tests to evaluate arriving immigrants and 1.7 million World War I army recruits. Test yourself by trying some sample questions from the actual army intelligence tests at the link below. Presumed to be measures of inherent intelligence, the tests included many items that really assessed acquired knowledge.
History Matters - IQ Tests Go to War
An interesting cartoon about group differences in IQ testing.