Genocide Timeline

Nazi Genocide

(History of the SS)

STEPS AND STAGES

• 1. Boycott- April 1, 1933- didn’t really work

  2. Passed a law restricting civil service to “Aryans”

  3. Propaganda

     1. Gov. controlled- newspapers, magazines, books, public meetings, rallies, art, music, movies and radio

May 10, 1933

• • 1. Nazis raided books and book stores

       1. 25,000 books burned

       2. Burned Hellen Keller’s book because she was a socialist

       3. 1935 Nuremberg Race Laws

    2. 1935

    3. No intermarriage between Jews and non-Jews

    4. Defined “Jew”- person with 3 or 4 Jewish grandparents

    5. (first outlaws other organizations, then Hitler Youth becomes compulsory for ages 10-18, Dec. 30, 1936)

• 1. 1937/1938

     1. Jews had to register their property

     2. Their businesses are organized

        1. Jewish workers/managers were dismissed

        2. German bought businesses for low prices, set by Nazis

        3. Jewish doctors not permitted to treat non-Jews or to practice law

        4. Like everyone, Jews were required to carry identity cards, but stamped with a “J” and new middle names- Israel for males, Sara for females

     3. Gypsies targeted too

• • • 1. 1933 they were forced to live in camps

      2. Jehovah witness victimized

         1. Wouldn’t salute Hitler and were sent to concentration camps

      3. Homosexuals- arrested, sent to concentration camps

• 2. Night of Broken Glass- Kristallnacht

• • 1. Nov. 9, 1938

       1. In 2 days, 1,000 + synagogues were burned

       2. 7,000 Jewish business were trashed and looted

       3. Dozens of Jewish citizens killed

    2. The morning after 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to local jails and sent to concentration camps for being Jewish

    3. Jewish business were not allowed to reopen

    4. Curfews were placed on Jews

    5. Jew became totally segregated

    6. They had already been banned from museums, public playgrounds, and swimming pools- and now from public schools

    7. Most families tried desperately to leave Germany

Further notes:

- 1939 census

• 1. It also listed, for the first time, race

  2. Created a Jewish registry

- 1938, 150,000 German Jews had fled the country.

-340,000 Jews (out of a total Jewish population in Germany of 530,000) emigrated from Germany between 1933 and 1945

- When Germany annexed Austria in March of 1938, 195,000 Jews were brought back under Nazi rule

- U.S. had immigration quotas set in 1924 and didn’t change them

-1938-Evian Conference. None of the countries attending changed their quotas

-German Govt. said you criticize us but you won’t take them

-Wagner-Rodgers Bill (US) -To admit 20,000 endangered Jewish refugee children was not supported by senate in 1939-1940

-Around 85,000 Jews came to the United States to avoid persecution

Euthanasia Program in Germany

-mentally and/or physically handicapped killed between 1940-1945, 200,000 + handicapped German citizens were murdered despite public protest. The killings continued in secret.

-T-4 Program became the model for the mass murder of Jews, Gypsies, and others in the gas chambers

1939- 1941 Jews were put in Ghettos

-Jews lost their jobs, expelled from schools

-Had to wear six pointed Star of David

1941 killing squads (Einsatzgruppen)

Murdered over 1 million Jews and hundreds of thousands of other innocent victims

Near Kiev, 34,000 Jews murdered in two days of shooting: not called killings by the special units but rather “special actions”

Wannsee Conference –Jan. 20, 1942

The “Final Solution”: The Nazi's code/name for the plan to exterminate the Jews

Summer of 1942 Jews and other targets of Nazi persecution taken to Auschwitz and other camps and murdered