Lamination

Backrest:

For the backrest, you will be laminating 3 pieces together. 2 - 2x4's and 1 - 2x6. The 2x6x32" is in the center with the 2 - 2x4x32"' on either side.

-Joint 1 edge of each 2x4 and both edges of the 2x6.

-when laying out the lumber for gluing, make sure you're end grain is alternating (see image below)

-apply glue to all 4 jointed edges, cover edges evenly

-flush up ends of boards before clamping

-clamp pieces together using 3 bar clamps

-make sure top and bottom sides are flush

Seat:

For the seat you will be laminating 3 pieces together. 2 - 2x4's and 1 - 2x6. The 2x6x24" is in the center with the 2 - 2x4x12" on either side.

-Joint 1 edge of each 2x4 and both edges of the 2x6.

-when laying out the lumber for gluing, make sure you're end grain is alternating (see image below)

-apply glue to all 4 jointed edges, cover edges evenly

-flush up ends of boards before clamping

-clamp pieces together using 3 bar clamps

-make sure top and bottom sides are flush

This image depicts alternating the direction of the grain lines when laminating multiple pieces of wood together. The reason we do this is, wood never stops moving. If you look at the image below, you will see how a board may cup. A cup is a warp across the width of the face of a piece of lumber. It occurs when one face shrinks more in width than the opposite face. The outer face, which was farthest away from the center of the tree, will shrink more causing the board to cup. Now imagine if you had all your boards running the same way, you would end up with a long curve across the width of your panel.

By alternating the direction of grain lines, we wont stop the boards from cupping, but we will lessen the effect of the cupping, be less noticeable, and the final product will be much more desirable.