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Vol. 2, Issue No.2, December, 2021
Vol. 2, Issue No. 2, December, 2021
ISSN: 2582-659X
Published on December 31, 2021
Histopathological Approach to Understand the Effect of COVID-19 Disease in HumanAnal Mandalpp. 162-175
Abstract Globally, Coronavirus disease(COVID 19) poses a serious threat to public health. COVID-19 disease has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) affecting the human respiratory system and other body systems, which requires better understanding of its histopathogenesis. .Coronavirus will affect almost every organ of our body specially lung. Histopathological examination will help to identify this affect deeply but this study is not widely done. The knowledge of histopathological affect of COVID affected patient is very less to everyone .So that the main aim of this article is to gather the complete knowledge about histopathological finding. Many researches were conducted in various organization about the pathological finding .The effect of this disease is different for different organs. Lung, kidney, brain, testis, ovary, circulatory system, GI system, skin, pancreas, spleen and lymph nodes ,heart are mainly affected due to this disease.
Keyword :Histopathology, Coronavirus.
Keyword :Histopathology, Coronavirus.
Mandatory Premarital Blood Screening Could Pause the Genetic “Molecular Disease”: Sickle Cell AnemiaDr. Amit Saha Roy
pp. 176-182
pp. 176-182
AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal genetic non-curable blood cell disorder. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a specific symptom of the SCD where blood cell becomes sickle shape rather than normal bi-concave. Mutated sickle hemoglobin stick in the blood vessels and disrupts blood circulation. As a result, lack of oxygen supply damage tissues. Severe chronic pain in the chest, abdomen, and even bone are the symptoms of SCA. Each year several numbers children are affected by this life-threatening disease. Genetically mutated hemoglobin transmits from the parents to the offspring. Hence, restriction of marriage between genetically compatible couples could reduce the number of SCD patients. Mandatory premarital blood screening can change the scenario. Now it is time to take premarital blood profile analysis becomes a compulsory part of the marriage. Proper government initiation, law, and social awareness can cut down the impact of this disease. Simple premarital blood screening programs and genetic counseling could abolish the curse of this genetic disorder.
Keywords: Genetic Disease, Sickle Cell Disease, Sickle Cell Anemia, Mutated Hemoglobin, Premarital Blood Screening
Keywords: Genetic Disease, Sickle Cell Disease, Sickle Cell Anemia, Mutated Hemoglobin, Premarital Blood Screening
The Application of Databases in Banking Sector for Rural IndiaPrithul Banerjee
pp. 183-191
pp. 183-191
Abstract
This study explore the use of databases in the storage and retrieval of information at some Rural India banks. Most of the people in India lives in rural area so the population is quite very high there. They are away from the banking services and some of them even don't have a proper idea about the system. Our India has therefore adopted a multi-pronged approach to financial inclusion which has been the case in several other countries. Although the word financial inclusion is of modern history, both the Reserve Bank and the Government of our India took the initiative to introduce the poorest and weaker segments of society into the fold of the formal banking system. The importance of rural banking has been revealed and recognized by both the country’s planners and policy makers since independence. For commercial banks All India Rural Credit Survey and All India Rural Credit Reviewed ventilate the way to enter into rural banking in a big way. Databases usage in banking sector, Variables to help the analysis were tested in the following areas: the concept of information, the concept of databases, the concept of information storage and retrieval, the role of ICT in the storage and retrieval of information, the challenges of successful storage and retrieval of information. Survey findings revealed that: parent banks are the single provider of data base use funding in selected banks in Rural India. In today's busier and faster lifestyle peoples may not make proper transfers without the proper banking network maturing .India's banking system is under the control of nationalized banks. Banking sector output is more closely linked to the economy than perhaps any other sector. The main purpose is to study the rural banking system in India. This paper talks about the Aspects of Databases, Rural Banking and its convenience and challenges etc.Keywords:, Information Technology,Rural Banking, Financial Inclusions, Information Storage and Retrieval,RuralDevelopment, Regional Rural Banks,Databases.nd
Application of IoT in Agricultural Development: A ReviewAbhilash Banerjee and Anirban Sikdar
pp. 192-196
pp. 192-196
AbstractThe Internet has brought a new outlook to all businesses. In agricultural development IoT plays an important role as the economy of India depends on agriculture so for a rapid agricultural development technology is required. This paper studies the importance of IoT in agricultural development in different forms. IoT helps in water management that is use of water in the required amount. IoT helps in use of fertilizer that is when and how much fertilizer is to be used for which plant. By the use of technology farmers can find any solution of any query of any problems faced by them while farming. Farmers can get weather forecast reports by the use of technology and as a result preventive measures can be taken. Use of pesticides and insecticides can be done when required by the use of sensors by measuring the moisture present in the soil. The future scope of using IoT is given in this paper. A forecast of use of IoT in agriculture is mentioned in a tabular format. The use of technology in fields will help the farmers to grow fresh and healthy crops at a huge rate which will further increase the economic condition.
Key words: Internet of Things, agricultural development, smart agriculture.
Key words: Internet of Things, agricultural development, smart agriculture.
Application of IoT in Rural Population HealthcareSonal Bhagat and Manish Kumar Pandey
pp. 197-202
pp. 197-202
AbstractIoT has gained enough recognition in present years for its capability to serve society on healthcare systems originated by the growing population and growing persistent disease and disabilities. Standardization is the cue that retards the development in the field of IoT, so this proposed paper suggests a excellent model that can help develop IoT healthcare systems for future use. This paper consists of all the details relating to area for model in future, potential use, sensors, communication modules, strength, weaknesses, suitable gadgets that can be wearable in IoT healthcare systems. Certain challenges are also there like security, privacy, etc.
Keywords: IoT, healthcare systems, model of healthcare system.
Keywords: IoT, healthcare systems, model of healthcare system.
A Survey on IoT Applications in Women Empowerment and SecurityLipika Maharana, Shilpa Sheth and Riju Bhattacherjee pp. 203-206
Abstract
In the current scenario there is a highest priority issue of women's security. There are different aspects, areas and scopes of women. Living conditions of women should be better so that they can live in a better way. Since the old times women safety has been a major issue and it has always been stressed upon. In our country over 37% of women had experienced harassment, violence, sexual assault and violation. These incidents demand some applications or devices to be developed for women safety, these devices or applications will help anyone who is in immediate danger or need help. We have developed many new technologies and devices that can make our society safer for women. But this also makes us think about how reliable these devices are and how well this can work at the time of need. So, after ensuring all the perspectives, the developers had recommended these devices for women safety and security.Keywords: Women empowerment; Internet of Things.
Class Room Automation System with MicrocontrollerBijon Sarkar, Priya Das and Subham Das
pp. 207-213
pp. 207-213
AbstractMicrocontrollers are smaller version of modern computers that can be used in many functionalities. With help of some basic sensors we can use the technology of the microcontrollers to build a automated class room. This paper’s aim is to develop and design a Class room automation using Arduino, D6T sensor, DIR sensor, BH1750 light intensity sensor and NTC Thermistor Temperature sensor module. The paper mainly focuses on the monitor and control of smart class by microcontroller. This paper motive is controlled electronic appliances in smart class with user friendly, design at low cost,simple installation.
Keywords- Arduino, D6T , DIR, LDR, NTC
Keywords- Arduino, D6T , DIR, LDR, NTC
Empirical Analysis of Financial Development on Rural EducationLiza Rozario, Anurag Mondal and Partha Pratim Dasgupta
pp. 214-220
pp. 214-220
Abstract
Financial development is one of the biggest issue globally. But we can divide regions that needs to emphasize on the said issue. Poverty is one of the biggest issues mainly in rural areas in India. These places are filled with talents such as artwork, craftsmanship, agriculture etc. People of these region cannot afford a decent higher education or any education at all because of having no financial support even though they wish to acquire it. Despite of having so much talent, people in these areas do not get properly paid for their products which lead to a huge financial crisis. Farmers often commit suicide when crops are sold at a considerably low rate than in the markets. Women in village make pottery and foods items which are not bought at an appropriate price from them. The only solution to the problems that we faced and mentioned above is to directly buy the products from the buyers i.e. farmers, crafters etc. This way there will be no involvement of middle men who take up most ofthe profit and the total fund will go to the seller only.Keywords: Rural; Development; Financial; Crisis; Literacy; Opportunity
IOT Based Smart Public Transport SystemKajal Ghosh, Sougata Patra, Shuvranshu Som and Amartya Barman
pp. 221-227
pp. 221-227
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) interfaces with virtual universes to their present details and can be set up whenever, in reality as we know it where material objects and all living beings help one another. As the large number of gadgets connected to the web, a wide range of information is created. To create an ultimate innovative layout this vast information should be stored and controlled in a very secure way to access them quickly and easily as we need them. The IoT based intelligent transport system aims to develop rural vision that seeks to use advanced and transparent communication systems for village and people's organizations. MN Passenger provides precise information or direction on the bus journey. A person detects and locates the bus even staying in the bus. For the advantages of IoT we can track the easiest way to reach our destination without facing much traffic. For the betterment of the the country we have to develop our villages as well by the IoT power. This paper mainly shows how we can improve our transport system with keeping in mind about the safety of the passenger.Keywords: IoT based smart transportation, tracking System , Micro Navigation (MN), less traffic recommendation system,proper timing system.
Rural Empowerment Through Internet of ThingsKajal Ghosh, Sougata Patra, Shuvranshu Som and Amartya Barman
pp. 228-233
pp. 228-233
Abstract
India is a developing country where more than 70% of people live in villages. Agriculture is the main occupation of them. But the youth of this area go abroad in illegal way for which development of our rural area is lagging behind. Rather then youth can be empowered by this Internet of Things for the betterment of our country. Health care, education, support systems, access to products and services are all merely available to these rural people when compared to the urban counter parts. The Internet of things technology can provide better access to health care, education, products and services to the rural people by which the space among village and city life India can be reduced. To the rural India, Co-operative Internet of Things (IoT) approach is the turning point by empowering millions of youth in rural areas of our country. This paper focuses on the current scenario of the issues generally faced by the rural India and how the Internet of Things is helping us to solve the problems of the rural people to built a smart village to cope with the growing digital world.Keywords: Rural empowerment, Co-operative Internet of Things approach, Applications in agriculture, Smart villages through IoT.
Survey on IoT Based Smart Traffic Signal Monitoring System Using Infra-Red Sensor and Classification AlgorithmSayan Acharya, Arka Chakraborty and Koushik Ghosh
pp. 234-237
pp. 234-237
Abstract
Traffic congestion is one realistic problem in today’s world, specially with increasing no of vehicles and traffic load. Due to the rising demand of traffic management. In this survey the time interval has been optimized according to the traffic so that drivers don’t have to wait for a while on the roads. In the proposed architecture , clustering algorithm has been used to optimize traffic condition, which is based on K-Nearest neighbor algorithm. Using this algorithm the new model will be liable to determine expected required timing as per provided inputs to the signal which is vehicles count. The input of these systems is vehicles counts on each side of the road from crossing signal.Keywords: Internet of things,Infra Red Sensor,GPS, traffic automation, KNN
Firm Automation: A Reinforcement Learning ApproachNirmalya Gayen, Sourav Dey and Somnath Basak
pp. 238-243
pp. 238-243
Abstract
In most automation we use ANN or RNN based algorithms. This results well but the prior information is what actions were previously taken by a human, this cannot be the only measure of learning a process we know humans learn everything with experience. And the most appropriate algorithm to learn like a human is Reinforcement Learning.Keywords: Computerized Farm, Reinforcement Learning, Computation Creativity, Art Learning, AI in Agriculture Full Text |PDF|
Implementation of IoT Based Smart Agriculture Using Sensor TechnologyTanmoy Khatua and Somnath Dey
pp. 244-251
pp. 244-251
Abstract
Agriculture has been the prime occupation in our country for a long time. However now due to migration of humans from rural to city there's a barrier in agriculture. To be able to recover from this problem we move for smart agriculture techniques the usage of IoT. It creates use of wi-fi sensor networks for citing the soil residences and environmental elements continuously. Diverse sensor nodes are propagated at different places in the farm. Controlling these parameters are through any far off device or net services and the operations are done by interfacing sensors, Mobile gear, Mobile apps, microcontroller. This idea is made as a product and supplied to the farmer’s welfare.Keyword: Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Agriculture, Sensor, Soil Moisture Sensor, Cloud Computing, Precision Agriculture, Solar Technology, Big Data analytics, IoT Ecosystem, Mapping.
Palm Vein Pattern Security SystemShatabdi Dutta, Arushi Ballav and Arup Kadia
pp. 252-257
pp. 252-257
Abstract
Biometric systems can offer greater security and convenience than traditional methods for people recognition. Palm vein recognition has a high level of accuracy because it is located inside and can’t be stolen. Here in this paper we will discuss the process of vein recognition. This pattern can be used to capture the vein pattern as the hemoglobin in the blood absorbs the infrared rays. It discusses the technical aspects of recent techniques for the following processes; detection of region of interest(ROI), segment of palm vein pattern, feature extraction and matching. The Scale Invariant Feature Transform algorithm gave good results in feature extraction and matching.Key Words: Palm vein pattern, Feature extraction, SIFT, Biometric recognition.
Advanced Solar Street Lighting SystemBhaskar Roy, Abhinav Chatterjee*, Arnab Maji, Bikas Mandal,Md. Aref Billaha
pp. 258-260
pp. 258-260
Abstract
We are in the time where energy conservation & use of renewable resources has become a necessity. Thus the requirement of methods which are not only highly efficient, but also low in energy consumption has greatly increased to keep a check on pollution factor. Keeping this in mind this paper focuses on solar based LED Street light that uses an automatic intensity controller with a solar tracker. This type of LED street light not only adjust itself according to the varying darkness, but also keeps a track on overcharging, deep discharging, automatic restoration of charging, protecting the battery from the over/under voltage. It comprised of solar cell and electric energy stored from the battery. The LED street lamp is lit at night automatically and changed into pulsed lighting in low power after the setting time and then turns off in daytime. Since only 20% of the total sun’s energy fall on earth and also the trajectory of the sun keeps changing, thus a solar tracker is used so as to track maximum sun’s energy.Keywords: solar panel, solar tracker, microcontroller.
Energy Harvesting Automatic Solar Tracker SystemBhaskar Roy, Ankita Mandal, Sumit Ganguly and Bikas Mandal
pp. 261-265
pp. 261-265
Abstract
A microcontroller based design methodology of an automatic solar tracker is proposed in this paper. Light dependent resistors are used as the sensors of solar tracker. The designed tracker has précised control mechanism which will provide three ways of controlling the system. A small prototype of solar tracking system is proposed to implement the design methodology. It has low cost and great efficiency.Keywords- Solar, Arduino, LDR, Energy harvesting
Location Tracking and SMS Based Self Defence System for Women SafetyBhaskar Roy,Ankita Das, Aditi Choubey and Bikas Mondal
pp. 266-269
pp. 266-269
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to give security to women. The woman wearing this device as a band, in case of any harassment, presses a switch which is situated in the bank and at that time her location information is sent as SMS alert to a few predefined emergency numbers. By providing the instant location of the victim to the police so that the incident could be prevented and the culprit will be caught. The system responds to this request by sending back a SMS containing location information.Keywords- SMS, GPS, LCD, GSM
Analysing the Financial Performance of Indian Railway Industry and its role in creating Employment in the Contemporary ScenarioPriyajit Ray
pp. 270-276
pp. 270-276
Abstract
The Indian Railway Industry is the largest Indian public sector undertaking which is considered as one of the most important sector for the nation’s sustainable development. It is also the leading sector in providing employment opportunities in our country. Over the years, the sector has provided a lot for our country and has the capability to provide much since it has the opportunity to do so. The importance of Indian Railways is immense and thereby an attempt has been made by the researcher to study and analyze the industry on the basis of its several performance parameters and to see the trend of the employees in the sector for the overall economic growth and development of our country.Keywords: Economic Growth, Industry, Operational Parameters, Railway, Sustainable Development
A Study on the Migrants labour in Brick Industry of Assam with Special Reference of Sonitpur DistrictSri Sanjoy Saha
pp. 277-283
pp. 277-283
Abstract
Brick making industry is one of the important industries in the unorganized sector mainly confined to rural and semi urban areas. The brick kiln sector is next to the agricultural sector in terms of employment to rural and semi urban workforce. It provides employment opportunities to both the local as well as migrant workers. .This study is an attempt to understand the brick industry in Assam taking reference of the study are i.e. three Development Block namely Rangapara, Dhekiajuli and Borsola in the Sonitpur district of Assam. The study is an effort to highlight the socio-economic and working condition of the workers, working in the brick manufacturing firms in Sonitpur district. It is an attempt to focus on the various issues relating to the owners and the workers conditions, work life, the problems they face and other socio-economic parameters.Keywords: - Brick industry, unorganized sector, socio-economic parameters, semi-urban
An Empirical Study of Specific Accounting Reforms of Urban Local Self Government (A Case Study of Rajasthan)Dr. Kshitiz Maharshi, Amit Sharma and Swati Vashisth
pp. 284-293
pp. 284-293
Abstract
The local bodies in the country have to perform various functions under the control of the state government for purpose of creating infrastructure and development of urban areas. Now a day’s people are migrating from rural areas to urban areas at a very fast rate for purpose of getting livelihood and work. Due to this, their demands are also increasing and hence urban local bodies are also required to provide important services such as the supply of drinking water, drainage facility, road facility, and light facility, etc for fulfilling their needs. 74 Amendment of Indian Constitution, 1992 mainly deals with powers of local self-government in rural and urban areas for purpose of administration and generating revenues. The main aim of this paper is to focus on specific accounting reforms of urban local self-government introduced by the Rajasthan Government in its 191 urban local bodies in the whole of state since 2010. This paper has tried to show the whole picture of ULB’s, its accounting reforms and practices, migration from cash basis accounting to accrual basis accounting. Through the study, it was found that in the total expenditure done in 10 years is more than the total revenue of 10 years. The highest expenditure was done at the time of establishment, which is 54.72 % of the total expenditure. While least expenditure was done on interest and finance. The highest revenue was generated from the compensation in lieu of octroi, which is 78.75 % of the total revenue. While income from the investment remained zero throughout the years, without making any contribution in revenue. In 10 years, the surplusposition and deficit position was not in continuation.Keywords: Accounting Reforms, Urban Local Bodies (ULB), Accrual Basis Accounting, Double Entry System, Migration
Trends of Wages, Wage Inequalities in India During Pre and Post Liberalization with an Empirical Study on Wages using NSSO Survey DataSwagota Saha
pp. 294-306
pp. 294-306
Abstract
The primary motivation of this paper is to investigate the trend of wages of workers and the wage inequality in rural and urban India during pre and post liberalization period in different aspects such as, among the types of wage workers, among the different sectors, wages across educational categories and wages across social groups. This paper finds that, the regular wage workers get more benefits along with the wages compare to the casual worker counterparts in both urban and rural areas. In urban India, on an average the government owned sectors (education and health sectors) bring the decent wages than the private informal sectors. In some sectors such as constructions, trade, hotels and restaurants female regular workers are paid high mean wages compare to male regular wages in urban areas. In rural areas, the trend of wages of non-farm workers is higher than the wage trend of agricultural workers. Education plays a positive role in the context of determining the level of wages. This paper also tries to find empirically how wage rates of workers are affected by the explanatory factors in urban and rural areas usingthe unit level data of 68th round (2011-12) NSS Employment and Unemployment survey.Key words: Trends of Wages, Wage Inequalities, Wage Regression, India.
Calcutta Public Library: The First Public Library for IndiansMoutusi Paul and Biplab Kumar Chandra pp. 307-310
Abstract
The first public library in Calcutta was Asiatic Society. But no native or Indian was allow to enter into the library. Later it was decided that Indians can enter the library. Prince Dwarkanath Tagore was the first Indian user. But latter, when there was some disagreement between British and Debendranath Thakur and his friends, he walked away from his responsibilities. From this the thought of public library for Indians was stimulated which gave the results of establishment of Calcutta Public Library. When the Fort William College Library was defunct, the major collection were transferred to Calcutta Public Library and rest was transferred to Asiatic Society. The National Library was consists of two libraries. The first one is Calcutta Public Library. Basically it was the first public library for the Indians. The study focus on that how this library was formed and its history and services enriches the history of Indian Library Movement.Keywords: History public library of Calcutta, library movement in India, education movement in India, liberation of press, earlyCalcutta,
Tapan Sinha: The Silent AuteurSayan Sarkar
pp. 311-314
pp. 311-314
AbstractWhenever the topic of the Masters of Bengali Cinema comes along, four names are always on top. One of them is Tapan Sinha. However, the ways Cinephiles frame their arguments on Classical Bengali Cinema, Tapan Sinha, one of India’s finest filmmakers but often overshadowed by Satyajit Ray , Mrinal Sen and Ritwik Ghatak. In this paper, a narrative analysis has been adopted to explain the films of Tapan Sinha and why TAPAN SINHA should be at the top billing along with the other three great filmmakers.
Keywords- Classical Bengali Cinema, Tapan Sinha, Auteur, Film Literature, Motion Pictures of Bengal
Keywords- Classical Bengali Cinema, Tapan Sinha, Auteur, Film Literature, Motion Pictures of Bengal
Review Article on Fiber Optics
Jayanta Aichpp. 315-318
Jayanta Aichpp. 315-318
Self Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System to enhance the Oral Bioavailability
Sourav Kabiraj and Anal Mandal pp. 319-325Keyword : lipophilic compounds self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery systems, β-cyclodextrin complex.
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