Causes & treatment of chronic nasal obstruction

Diagnosis

Treatment

  1. Septal deviation

Septoplasty

  1. Nasal fracture

Reduction

  1. Turbinate hypertrophy

Decongestants, turbinoplasty, turbinate resection, radio frequency reduction, debrider assisted turbinate reduction

  1. Septal perforation

Buttons, advancement flaps, inferior turbinate flap

  1. Nasal valve collapse

Adhesive supporting strips, naso-orbital suspension of nasal valve, valvular reconstruction with spreader grafts

  1. Choanal atresia
  1. Neoplasm

Transpalatal repair, endoscope assisted repair

Resection

  1. Nasal polyposis

Polypectomy, topical steroids

  1. Tip ptosis

Cartilage graft to support the tip

  1. Allergic rhinitis

Allergen avoidance, desensitization, antihistamines, topical steroids

  1. Septal hematoma

I&D, antibiotics

  1. Septal abscess
  1. Nasal foreign body
  1. Rhinoscleroma
  1. Rhinitis medicamentosa
  1. Mucormycosis

I&D, antibiotics

Removal

Tetracycline (early stages), surgical resection of fibrotic material

Avoidance of nasal decongestants, topical steroids

Debridement, antifungal drugs

17. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

UPPV