The “Why” students are on Social Media 

by Addy Deitrich

Tragic and depressing news stories flood our feeds every day. When you read those harsh headlines or just hear about them, it can really affect your mood. So why do kids immerse themselves in these negative narratives? 


Social media has negative effects on mental health, schooling, self image and so on. Students aren't on social media because they want bad stuff to happen. They are on it because there are positive things on it as well.

 

The Dodo, an animal channel that is on both Instagram and Youtube is a prime example of this. It features “feel good” stories about animals. On their website they explain their goals as a channel: ”Daily Dodo serves up emotionally and visually compelling, highly shareable animal-related stories and videos to help make caring about animals a viral cause.” 

https://www.thedodo.com/daily-dodo


Another channel, momentaryhappiness on Instagram posts uplifting quotes that students can repost on Instagram. When you are feeling down it is very helpful to have quotes to read to help brighten up your day.


There are lots of uplifting stories out there that we can immerse ourselves in. A random sampling of 30 students reflects that 84 percent of students at Red Land gravitate towards the positive posts and tags on social media, and 73 percent also say they are on it to communicate with friends.


People gravitate towards these channels because just one video or post can make them laugh or smile.“Each like, tag, or positive comment provides immediate social rewards in the form of dopamine and serotonin (the happiness hormones),” says Brandon Laxton from Five Towns College. The hits of serotonin make social media so rewarding. Students need this kind of light during their day and it is what makes social media so addicting. 


Penn State also has something to say about what memes can do on social media. According to researcher Jonathan F. McVerry from Penn State, “Viewing memes online may increase positive emotions which, according to Penn State researchers, can help improve one’s confidence.” 


Although parents and guardians tend to view social media in a negative light it doesn't mean that students see it that way. It can be a helpful tool for students when life seems a bit gloomy.

Understanding "The Crucible": Historical Accuracy vs. Artistic License

By: Abbie Crain & Kyla Barker-Hewlett

Photo from: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-brief-history-of-the-salem-witch-trials-175162489/ 

If you were in American Lit. 1 or AP Lang, you would have read The Crucible. But, how truly accurate is this timeless play? Were the deaths, people, and situations real? And, just how can we learn from this play in the events today? It comes down to two parts, the facts and human weakness. 

The Facts

After reading through the original court documents of the Salem Witch Trials, it was apparent that the trials themselves were surprisingly close to what Aurther Miller wrote in The Crucible. However, the details of their lives were very separate from the play itself.

According to the Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project, in Salem, Massachusetts 1692-1693, people were accused of “certain Detestable Arts called Witchcrafts and Sorceries.” The accusations came from the same people each time: Elizabeth Parris, Abigail Williams, Ann Putnam Jr., Elizabeth Hubbard, Mary Walcott, Mercy Lewis, and Mary Warren. Frequently the girls expressed that they didn’t know who they were ‘afflicted’ by until during the examinations, when they could see the person they were accusing. With people being found guilty, the rise of hysteria grew. They were accusing people of witchcraft with evidence of “crimes” that happened before the first accusations, such as staying with someone and shortly after leaving, a cow died. They began by targeting the outcasts, and by the end they were accusing people with higher social standing than before. As a result of the higher social status, the accused’s neighbors began writing petitions for their release, saying that they didn’t believe the accusations could be true. Even with the petitions and records in which some of the girls admitted they “did it for sport, they must have some sport” they still believed the accusations against them. 

Arthur Miller did a lot of research into the Salem witch trials and it was evident. Mr. Washburn, AP Lang. and American Lit. teacher explained, “The names are historically accurate and the people—the way they went about the accusations– that's historically accurate.” The play follows the lives of some of the accused people and focuses on the accusation of the Coreys, Proctors, and Rebecca Nurse. Miller changed the personal lives of the accused for dramatic reasons.  For example, John Proctor never had an affair with Abigail Williams. The real Abigail Williams was 11 years old, and John Proctor, then 60 years old and married to his third wife, had eighteen children. Miller kept the names, how the accusations spread, and how the trials worked true to real-life events. Miller wrote this play in the 1950s to show us how similar we still are to the people who were making the accusations and who believed the accusations were true. Miller explored themes of human weakness, how our personal motivations shape the decisions we make, and the risks of greed and power. 

Human Weakness

It’s no secret that the Puritans were not so pure. Every human has at least one weakness. From genuine fear to a lust for power, it is evident that there was more than just a trial in Salem. The court records that were found clearly show accounts of bias and misinformation for all to see. “The victim is always right,” expressed AP Lang student Jace DiGeronimo. This was the case for the trials. 

The Crucible shows that everyone believes the girls, or the “afflicted,” because of who was accused. If you look back on the play, Reverend Parris mentions to Judge Hawthorne how Rebecca Nurse was,” No Bridget Bishop.” Bridget Bishop historically was known for her flamboyant lifestyle, public arguments with husband #3, and owning a tavern. She was seen and condemned as a witch because she did not meet Puritan standards. “Humans are just dumb creatures who react instead of thinking things through,” explained Mr. Washburn. “They don't use their brains, and so they're reactionary. That still happens today.” 

There are many theories about what exactly caused the girls to experience the ‘afflictions’, but the most common is Ergot poisoning for the ‘afflicted’ and hysteria for those who believed the accusations. Ergot is a fungus that grows on old wheat and can cause convulsions, muscle spasms, vomiting, hallucinations, and gangrenous pain–the very symptoms the girls expressed. With the rising accusations and the girls being consistently ‘afflicted,’ the witch hysteria ran rampant in Salem. They were afraid they would be accused or the people around them were witches. Fear is a powerful thing if harnessed properly. To use and manipulate hysteria and fear to your advantage is a powerful move.

Having the most property and ownership was power in the Colonial Era. There were many specific motivations for starting the Witch Trials, namely greed and power. When reading the court records, we found an unsurprising pattern of accused and accusers. The Putnams, the main accusers, targeted their neighbors. Many believed that they used Ann Jr, their daughter, who was one of the afflicted girls in the court, to get rid of the main competitors. Rebecca Nurse, George Jacobs, and other lesser-known people were hanged because of Ann Jr’s accusations. Both Nurse and Jacobs were very prominent in Salem society. And, when a person who dies or was executed had a bunch of property, then it would go up for sale. This would have been very beneficial to the Putnams because they could swoop in and grab the land. This shows greed for wealth and a lust for power in the “Pure Society” of the Puritans.

We are humans and will truly never change, no matter how hard we try, there will always be judgment in the back of our minds. Judgment creates paranoia, and the people of Salem were the perfect example of mindless following out of fear.

Musical to movie adaptations: how did Wicked do it?

by Rachel Sechrist

The recent Wicked (2024) movie starring Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande has certainly gathered talk amongst anyone on the internet; however, it is not the first musical-to-movie adaptation that has been made. Among films of this nature in recent years, namely, Mean Girls (2024) and Dear Evan Hansen (2021), movie producers have attempted to recreate the musicals in the film form, but these movies were not received all too positively among the original musical fans. What made the new Wicked film different?

Marc Platt, Wicked's producer, told NBC UniversalWe decided to tell the story over two films to give each character, each storyline, the justice that it deserves.” Anyone who watched the 2024 film will see that the filmmakers were focused substantially more on developing the characters than simply regurgitating the plot of the already beloved musical.

With the first act of the musical (running around an hour and a half) turned into a 2-hour and 40-minute movie, the viewers get to see much more into each character’s backstories. For example, one element added to the film was the insight into Elphaba’s childhood, where the audience sees that her bear nanny, Dulcibear, practically raises her. This helps explain even further Elphaba’s passion for animal rights throughout the film which is, ultimately, the reason for her descent into “wickedness.”

Another difference that adds much more depth to the character is the fact that contrary to the musical, Elphaba is not planning to enroll at Shiz University at the beginning of the film. She is told to stay to look after her sister while she is dropping her off by her father. Eventually, she becomes overemotional and outbursts, using the magic she possesses to push objects away from her in the courtyard, leading to Madame Morrible becoming interested in her ability. Additionally, this drives a further wedge into the already icy relationship between Elphaba and Glinda, because of Glinda’s jealousy, making their eventual friendship even more heartwarming.

This is precisely the reason why Wicked did so well at the box office: instead of simply putting stage to screen like in past adaptations, the producers sought to add something new to the story. 

Another major influence on the film’s success, as well as many other films in recent years, is, of course, the movie’s popularity on platforms like TikTok. With trends featuring songs from the movie, people dressing up as the characters, and others of the sort, the film gained significant popularity for months before the premiere.

However, compared to a movie of similar popularity on social media, Mean Girls (2024), the Wicked movie received much more praise in the theaters. Once again, Wicked was likely able to achieve this because of its commitment to telling a story that viewers hadn’t heard before, while still staying true to the original integrity of the movie. In contrast, the musical version of Mean Girls which came out earlier this year, was a simple recreation of the stage production with only a few new elements. 

This all being said, there is certainly excitement among viewers to see Wicked Part Two, released in November of 2025, and follow Elphaba and Glinda to the end of their stories, both plot-wise and regarding their newly developed characters.

The Wacky and Wonderful World of Santa Claus Traditions

by Abigail Crain & Kyla Barker-Hewlett 12/10/24

When you think of Santa, what do you think of, a fat, jolly old man with a red suit and 9 reindeer that fly to deliver the present of your childhood?  Most children in the United States and Canada do, but this isn’t the Santa everyone knows and loves. Different countries have different and unique “Santa Claus” figures. Ranging from Sinterklaas, the closest thing to our Santa,  to a log that is beaten with its limbs and poops out nougats, the Christmas spirit lives on in many different ways. Here in the Carousel to the left , you will find our top ten most interesting, and most wacky “Santa Clauses.”

Axolotls: Fantasy Creature or Possible Pet? 

by Lauren McVitty 12/10/24

What is an axolotl?

Axolotls are a species of salamander found in Mexico. They are known for their unique regenerative abilities and ability to stay in their “tadpole” stage forever. The World Wildlife Organization even calls them the “Peter Pan of salamanders” because of that agelessness trait. When first hatched, axolotls lack limbs, so it takes a few weeks to grow their legs in. Other than that, they won’t change much since birth, except their size which can be up to 18 inches, but lately, they have been growing to 9 inches.

The name “axolotl” derives from the name “Xolotl”, the Aztec god of fire and lightning. You might not think the name to be relevant, but Xolotl was said to be able to take the form of dogs or salamanders. Furthermore, the Aztec word for water was “atl”, so the name axolotl can translate to “water dog” or even “water monster”.

Axolotls are typically a dark brown or greyish-black color in the wild. Still, after years of breeding and careful selection, there have been many results such as pink ones, white ones, yellow ones, blue ones, and even some variants with two colors split perfectly down the middle. An example of this strange dual-color trait can be seen in the picture below, a black and white variant.

While their appearance may be especially odd, with their often deemed “permanent smiles” and their almost cartoonish look, they also have abilities straight out of X-men comic books. According to San Diego Zoo research, axolotls can regenerate limbs five times perfectly, with no scars or deformities, and can regenerate organs nearly countless times with full functionality, even parts of their brains. With this, they can regenerate bone, cartilage, skin, muscles, and even stem cells in their limbs if one were to be lost. There was also one ability that struck many scientists with interest: axolotls are 1,000 times more resistant to cancer than mammals.

What makes them so popular?

Axolotls have become an absolute internet sensation over the years, even being included in merchandise and video games. Known for their expressive faces and cute appearance, they have influenced many people to get them as pets, buy axolotl-themed shirts and hoodies, and plenty more. 

There was also an addition to the widely known game Minecraft, featuring these little creatures in five variations: pink, white, yellow, brown, and a rare blue variant. 

According to Game Rant, axolotls were actually added to Minecraft to raise awareness of their endangered status in real life, and this quickly drew in the attention of millions of consumers who play the game.

According to CNN News, Minecraft’s addition of axolotls in 2021 had actually started the whole pop culture explosion with axolotls. Written by Kate Golembiewski, the article includes two sentences that sum up why these salamanders are so appealing: 

“Take one look at an axolotl, and it’s easy to see why it’s so popular. With their wide eyes, upturned mouths and pastel pink coloring, axolotls look cheerful and vaguely Muppet-like.”

Even the news has been involved in several cases with the axolotl bloom in pop culture, such as what has been quoted here from CNN. Axolotls have captured the attention and hearts of millions of people worldwide, many of whom have exclaimed about their cuteness—I know I have.

Axolotls as pets

According to Spruce Pets, axolotls in households should be handled with care. Their bodies are mostly cartilage rather than bone (the material that makes up human ears and part of the nasal passages), and should have minimal direct handling if possible, or at least careful and gentle handling. Axolotls are actually found to be perfectly comfortable in captivity, moving around while being watched or getting closer to the people that might watch them.

Though they seem all innocent and cute, they really are not sociable creatures, and do not require tank companions. Axolotls even can become cannibalistic towards each other, and should really be monitored in case one axolotl is constantly losing body parts.

Another thing to consider is their needs, it is recommended that axolotls are kept in a 15-20 gallon tank, preferably with a lid in case it tries to jump out of the tank. These salamanders are fully aquatic, so they do not need a land spot in their enclosures, and it is best that they have as much room as possible while still having a hide and vegetation.

Water temperatures should also be kept in a range of 57 and 68 degrees Fahrenheit, according to Spruce Pets, and should not get above 75 degrees for any reason. The tank should also be away from sunlight, and does not require special lighting. Black lights are sometimes used, and these are not harmful to axolotls, it does however sometimes make them appear to glow. More details on how to care for them can be found on Spruce Pets’s website under axolotls.

Axolotls are truly one of the many amazing animals in this world, and we don’t even know everything about them yet. Hopefully, these smiley little salamanders won’t go extinct any time soon.



Celebrating With Your Chosen Family

by Jayla Hutchison and Savannah Nelson 11/20/24

Thanksgiving is for families to celebrate what they are thankful for.  Adalynne Sounders who celebrates friends giving said,“Friendsgiving is like bringing your family together. Friend groups are like family so we treat it like it. It's just a big get together with food and laughter.” 

Some people don't have the gift of family and celebrate what they are thankful for with their friends and chosen family. “Sometimes we feel like our friends are more of a family than our actual families, so we treat it as such.” Adalynne Sounders said.

Friendsgiving consists of the same general activities you would do at Thanksgiving. Friendsgiving is about including others and growing in friendships. Normally during Friendsgiving every participant should be bringing at least one dish. Friendsgiving is typically celebrated before Thanksgiving or instead of a traditional family Thanksgiving. It is not required but it is kind to bring the host a present, a sign of respect and gratefulness, says according to The Pioneer Woman. 

 Friendsgiving is a newer concept, dating back to only 2007. But since, according to Merriam-Webster, it has been transcripted into many shows such as Friends, Gilmore Girls, and The Office. Most people credit the show Friends for originating “Friendsgiving” because in the show they celebrate Thanksgiving with their “friends.” 

Friendsgiving is an informal event, but, according to The Pioneer Woman, one could make it formal. There can be formal invitations, elegant house decor, picnic setup outside or on your living room floor, or lastly a party. There are many games you could play as well. For example, Turkey toss (Think corn hole, but turkey themed), Pin the hat on the turkey, Fall themed bingo, Charades, and Blind karaoke. Adalynne Sounders said, “We of course eat, but we play games, do karaoke, things like that.” 

Friendsgiving is a fun way to feel included during the holiday season especially for people that may not have a joyful holiday with their biological family. Friendsgiving is about being thankful for friends. When Adalynne Sounders was asked, “What is the most memorable part of Friendsgiving,” she said, “Being with everyone.” Friendsgiving is about spending quality time with the people you care about and celebrating not only friendship but chosen family.

Vaping: Respiratory Suicide 

by Adalynne Souders & Jose Echevarria

Vaping has rattled our generation of young adults and students. Many of us ask the question, “How can we stop it?” But before we can ask this, students must see the bigger picture.  

The vaping epidemic has left students annoyed and addicted. Interviews with students revealed that many of them were dissatisfied with the amount of vaping that happens in the bathrooms, and even during instruction in the classroom. We asked Kyle Smith, a senior, how vaping affected the student body. He said, “Lots of people probably tend to cut class to go and vape in the school bathrooms, would be my guess.”

Many Red Land students are fed up with the vaping epidemic because of the constantly crowded bathrooms. The stench of flavored air any time a step is taken in the general vicinity of the bathrooms causes discomfort and irritation.. Although bathroom passes are monitored, students still find a way to get into the bathrooms, creating a conflict for those who have a bathroom pass and value class time. 

Vaping has blown up as a trend in the past couple of years, with an ignorance of consumers' health. The FDA has updated concerns with new known health conditions. This can include but is not limited to asthma, cancer, early addiction, increased blood pressure, depression, or anxiety. 

Vaping has become a part of the younger generations' culture and has been catering to children's habits with new types of devices and flavors to keep consumers interested. Vaping can start anywhere between 13-16 years of age, causing early addiction within teenagers as the prefrontal cortex is still not fully developed. Researchers from The Journal of Consumers Affairs claim that close to 23% of the adolescent population uses e-cigarettes and vaping devices. “People think it's cooler than smoking or less dangerous than smoking,” Master Sergeant Collier commented.

Vaping in the classroom affects not only students' health but also their classwork and grades. Impacting academics in the classroom can have detrimental setbacks for students. "They're missing tons of the instruction that's going on in class. and especially math, right?” -- “You'll see a decrease in grades, you'll see missing assignments,” said assistant principal Mrs. Jackson.  Teachers and administrators alike are coming together to realize the risk affects not only the adolescent's body, but their mind as well, with more kids failing due to addiction.

While asking about how to stop vaping within the school body, Master Sergeant Collier said, “I'm not sure that there is a really good way to crack down on it because people always figure out a way to get around [the rules].” 

Mr. Jones agreed, adding “It all starts at home.”

Supporting that if parents are unable to supervise what their children do affects not only their child, but whomever their child comes into contact with. Peer pressure is a leading cause of teenage smoking and vaping, so parental supervision and communication is key. Teaching children the consequences of vaping and monitoring their behavior as well as where students' funds are going might help to deplete some teenage smoking. 

Vaping must be taken seriously, not only by administrators but also by parents, other students, and ourselves. As a generation, we are wrapped up in a smoke stick instead of thinking about our lives ahead.

Cancel Culture: Effective social accountability or a roadblock to social engagement?

by Xavier Ambush and Caden Douville 11/19/2024

Cancel culture is an act that has been developed over the last couple centuries from back when people were being tarred and feathered to now where people are being “called out” on social media in such a way that can shun/remove them from public consciousness as a punishment of sorts. Cancel culture is social justice renamed for the modern era and has resulted in the exposing of many popular people such as streamers, artists, musicians, etc. In order to understand cancel culture it must first be understood how it affects the mind, society, and the implications of being canceled.


Following previously stated info, cancel culture is something that lays in the back of many people’s minds when interacting with anyone or anything on social media. Many people observe or have observed people being canceled and are now implicitly/unconsciously cautious of what they post within their thought process such as the idea of presenting oneself in a positive light with people halfway around the world instead of saying how they actually feel because of the negative social repercussions. 

As Mel Stanfill, a UCF assistant professor of texts and technology, “I think cancel culture can reflect awareness that people are not willing to accept things that they used to accept or have not been able to resist in the past, but in some ways it’s a moral panic.’” cancel culture, as much as it may seem, is not a surface level issue that can be brushed off for tomorrow and procrastinated on since people’s minds internalize what others think of them so heavily. So when searching through the impact of cancel culture the main things that tend to come up when talking about people who have been canceled usually are what the person did, how people received it, what was done, and what the person is doing now. A lot of the time a person usually recedes from the internet and stays radio silent in a manner of speaking or they try to fix what they’ve done wrong in the public eye. There are outliers, like Andrew Tate, Lil Darkie, Mario Judah, Kanye West, and Travis Scott who choose to ignore the backlash of their media. 

Furthermore, society is like a thirsty sponge, always drinking up what is produced by people whether that be good or bad. In such cases, cancel culture has changed modern justice from the law into the virtual hands of the people. Cancel culture has allowed people to demean and drain the social presence of others online such as companies like Urban Outfitters, Aunt Jemima’s, Amazon, etc. The impact that cancel culture has had on society is like that of soldiers walking the streets to prevent “crimes” and actual crimes. One such example is that of Bob Parsons, founder of GoDaddy, who  shot an elephant and posed with its corpse. Society, online at least, was outraged and as such people took action and so the internet,”saw the hosting company lose 70,000 domains in a single week,” according to Enzuzo writers. They also wrote that Bob Parsons stepped down in 2018 (it isn't clear whether Bob being canceled was the reason or if there was something else), which is where the implications of being canceled come in.

To elaborate, people being canceled has been a concept for the last decade and the repercussions of such have affected people around the globe. The people who have been canceled often report feeling anxiety, depression, and a sense of social isolation according to Therapy Group DC. These feelings stem from the fact that in a moment when a person or people are canceled they tend to be isolated so that everyone can direct the hammer of social justice on the right people and so the implication of being canceled tends to be that it is associated heavily with social justice just as it has been throughout this article. The punishment side of being canceled tends to be a net loss of either income, consumers, partnerships, sponsors, etc for a person or group that get canceled until either they right their wrongs or they ultimately accept what has happened and move on in a positive way. YouTubers Chrissy Teigen, Lori Levine, Tanya Cook, Nathan Miller, etc. are all celebrities who have made public appearances to apologize and redeem themselves for situations that occurred with them in the past. The implications of cancel culture tend to be that a person receives social justice and redeems themself through some sort of public apology, or they are still canceled and are suffering their punishment.

AI Education, a new Era for RL

by Chayton Rudy and Curran Williams


With the release of ChatGPT in November of 2023, artificial intelligence has exploded in popularity. AI has slowly been increasing and advancing over the years, going from simple tech like a bot used for checkers to what it has become today. Mr. Zwatty, Red Land’s tech IA, said it is a pending topic for the district and will be implemented at Red Land one day. “It’s a huge shift in education,” he said, explaining why integrating these powerful tech tools takes time. 

Some teachers already use AI, though it still needs to be implemented building-wide. One teacher-centered AI is “Magic Teacher,” which develops lessons and designs assignments. The website also claims to save teachers 10 hours a week. Prompts and reading material can also be rewritten for reading levels. Teachers can save significant time by using AI for lesson planning, and by using AI to assist students with tutoring, enabling the classroom to run much more smoothly and fluidly, helping the curriculum move faster and the people learn efficiently. This could help teachers being forced to stay late or work unpaid overtime, making it more pleasant for both the student and the teacher.

Another AI program for learning, recommended is Khanmigo. Khanmigo is a learning AI made by Microsoft and Khan Academy to expand learning AI. It costs 4 USD a month and is only for Khan Academy. It can personally tutor kids and give them immediate advice for their work. But Khanmigo focuses on not telling the students directly, instead giving them suggestions and examples and walking them through the process. If you want to learn more about this more information is on their website.

If we teach the kids how to use AI in earlier computer classes, they may learn how to learn effectively and in tandem, save time for the teachers. AI is the “calculator of our time,” said Mr. Zwatty, noting that learning to use it responsibly is the only challenge.

Red Land and Cedar Cliff: Rivals or Family? 

by Callista Hayden and Alyssa Chace

When people initially think of the West Shore School District and the two high schools, Cedar Cliff and Red Land, most would say we are rivals. For sporting events the largest game of the season is when the high schools play each other, and there are paint wars before the game for the student sections of each school and lots of “smack talk” between the teams. However, after some research we have found that we might be more like sisters than we thought; with Cedar Cliff having the “big sister” role and Red Land being the “little sister”. 

To start off with, the two schools are actually in different conferences for PIAA Sports. So, although the rival games are the biggest games of the year, they do not influence  the conference standings. Cedar Cliff plays in the higher conference due to them having a larger student body, an example of them being the “big sister”.  Our big sister also has more privileges like open campus and open flex policies.

Mrs. Norton, who was an assistant principal and a phys ed teacher at Cedar Cliff and is now an assistant principal at Red Land recognizes the differences. “CC no longer utilizes e-hall passes; students do not have a time limit that they are allowed to leave class or certain amount of times they can leave a day and so on. They also have an open flex policy which means students are able to go to any flex teacher or another location in the building.” said Mrs. Norton. Also, all juniors and seniors have access to open campus during their lunch/flex starting at the beginning of the school year, unlike at Red Land where juniors can earn it for their second semester with good grades, attendance and limited tardies. Cedar Cliff open campus students also have a larger variety of places to go due to their geographical location. They are able to walk to Sheetz, McDonald’s, Jersey Mikes, Chipotle, Cedar Cliff Pizza, Sweet Frog, Starbucks, CVS and Dollar Store just to name a few, while Red Land does not have any options within walking distance. Even though these  benefits might make it seem like Cedar Cliff would be the better option, Red Land also has many positive features as well. 

From our research it seems that Red Land has a higher expectation of their students both academically and emotionally. Red Land has all of our freshmen through juniors enrolled in a flex period, unless they are taking a music elective such as chorus, band or orchestra. During this time, students are required to meet with their flex teacher once a week to discuss their current grades in all classes and any other obstacles they may be facing and need help with. At Red Land we also have some flex classes that have a smaller number of students and more one-on-one conversations and help from their flex teacher. Core subject teachers also make tutoring available throughout the cycle days during flex for any student to attend if they are struggling. Due to all of these offerings, it seems that Red Land has a higher academic focus for our students than Cedar Cliff. 

Overall, it seems that Cedar Cliff and Red Land are more like sisters than rivals. Just as real sisters do not always get along and are not always treated equally, when it comes down to it, they know they are part of the same family – The West Shore School District. 

Film Classics Create a Horror-Filled Halloween

by Ariana Wallace

20 Oct 2024

People enjoy watching scary movies with their friends every Halloween, but sometimes, they struggle to find a good movie. Below are some recommendations from fans of classic horror movies. 

Why should you start watching scary movies? These movies are a big part of the Halloween culture and are known to be a fun but frightening experience. Watching scary movies can also allow one to examine the “dark side” of humanity, says Haiyang Yang and Kuangjie Zhang of The Harvard Review. Junior Izzy Van Dyke says, “I like the psychological part about it, as well as the mystery and thriller.” 

It can even help you prepare for worst-case scenarios. Most people believe that horror movies are all fiction, but that isn’t always the case. Braden Kauffman, a RL grad, said, “I like horror movies because of how the producers align the horror stories with the plots.” Movies such as the Conjuring series are based on true stories whether you want to believe them or not.

Watching a horror movie can stimulate the mind and body “both mentally and physically in opposing ways,” said Zhang and Yang. While watching a scary movie can make you terrified, it can also release adrenaline into your system, which allows people to enjoy the movie a lot more since they feel almost “physically involved” while watching it. Junior Ace Robinson said, “I enjoy watching horror movies because they are interesting to watch and I like the thrill in watching scary movies.”

 Why do people enjoy watching horror movies? Some find it fun to be frightened or scared while watching a film because they can distinguish between positive and negative types of fear, which allows them to know when they are safe. Evelyn Marrero says, “I like the suspense of it–I like being afraid.” Junior Abigail Hayward says, “I enjoy watching scary movies due to the thrilling element of being on edge.”

Here is a list of some classic horror movies that you must watch:

Mindfulness & Authenticity

By: Evan Brennan- Jan 5, 2024


My father has often told me, “God gave you two ears and one mouth, so be quiet and listen.” now, I’m saying it to you. From a young age, both my father and my mother raised me to be a respectful person, but as I’ve gotten older I realize they really just were teaching me to be a person of mindfulness, and authenticity. 

Throughout my life, I’ve found it is easy for anyone to speak what is on their mind or just be polite and go through the motions of their day. What is harder to do is be the one who takes a moment, listens to what someone has to say, and generates a genuine and purposeful response. As I’ve become more aware of these harder roads to take, I’ve tried to apply them to my own life, so I researched these practices. I discovered we find it easy to fall into an almost robotic state where we go through the motions, as if we’re actors in a role, and to counteract, this we should let others share their thoughts with us, actively listen, and switch up our routines. These practices can be summed up with the terms mindfulness and authenticity.

People love to talk, especially about themselves, and that’s perfectly normal, which is why it’s a good idea to pause for a moment every now and then and let someone else share their thoughts. After all, it is called a conversation and not a monologue. People naturally feel the need to vent their thoughts and feelings, but by letting someone do so, we might just learn something from listening to them. Additionally, when we allow someone to vent or share with us, we give them the chance to feel like they matter, and they can be heard. Verywellmind says, “Finding someone to talk to not only provides connection, comfort, and understanding but also offers opportunities to talk about shared experiences as well as prevent feelings of loneliness and isolation.” It’s important to consider how others think and what they have to deal with internally and outside of the time we see them. People could be neglected, abused, or have experienced trauma, so whenever we’re speaking to someone try to relax and listen to what they have to share.

Being polite during a conversation is important, don’t get me wrong, but there’s sometimes a lack of mindfulness behind being kind or polite to others as if it’s only for show. For example, when we are speaking to someone, it’s polite to maintain eye contact and show other signs of listening, but consider practicing mindfulness by being attentive and giving thoughtful responses. Use active listening. VeryWellMind says, “Active listening helps others feel more emotionally supported. This can be beneficial when interacting with a person who has social anxiety. According to research, emotional support impacts the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the brain, resulting in decreased feelings of distress for socially anxious individuals.” Instead of only going through the usual courtesies, maybe think deeply about what someone is doing or saying, and analyze their words or actions. If we do this we might find it’s easier to give them a mindful and authentic response that enhances the conversation and shows signs of deep concentration. Constant application of this kind of behavior can enhance our attention to detail and could potentially benefit us in school during discussions and lectures.

I like routine, it’s comfortable and allows me to function in a streamlined manner throughout my day, but I’ve found it’s a good thing to break portions of my routine like maybe raising my hand in class every once in a while and talking to someone I haven’t before to break up my day a little and make it a little more interesting. Clarity Clinic says, “By breaking from a routine and changing up one’s schedule, people may experience less burnout and have a more positive experience in their day-to-day life. When people are burnt out, they often do not function as well. They are often exhausted and have reduced cognitive capacity. By changing up one’s routine, one may avoid exhaustion and improve their brain functioning.” The burnout feeling is sneaky and can grab ahold of anyone, by reaching out to others and becoming more involved throughout our day-to-day we can minimize this burnout effect and increase the functioning of our brain socially and emotionally allowing for stronger bonds with those around us and a more mindful state.

As a new year is upon us we should try to introduce these values into our everyday lives and work to be better for our peers and ourselves.

How to Improve Sleep Quality

By: Hunter Kuzak

Have you ever laid down in bed and pulled out your phone, only to find yourself an hour shy of sleep because you’ve been scrolling social media? According to the National Institute of Health, one-third of Americans don’t get enough sleep to function during the day. The phone contributes to that greatly, but so do the decisions and motions you make throughout the day. 

Everybody knows that regular exercise is important for a healthy life, but it also has an impact on sleep. According to Johns Hopkins Medical, it raises the core temperature, raising the amount of deep sleep a person may get. If you want to fall asleep, consider doing cooldown exercises, such as static stretches or calisthenic holds every night to create that jump in core temperature and blood circulation. This increases the rate at which melatonin can circulate through the body, making you tired.

Along with exercise, eating at regular times plays a role in quality sleep. The National Sleep Foundation recommends you eat at fixed times during the day and reduce snacking. By doing this, the body knows at which points it should expect food. If the body expects food at 3 in the morning, it will wake, which negatively affects sleep and causes midnight snacking.



Exercise and eating habits involve substantive life changes, but there are some smaller, easier to follow habits that can effectively improve sleep. For example, a warm shower before bed releases tension in your muscles and helps relax your body. Also, doing what makes you happy and calm aids sleep. Perhaps most importantly, consume less negative content, such as news, to reduce anxiety. Instead read a book. Stories are a great way to calm your mind.
Finally, They are also great alternatives to phones at bedtime. Probably the most challenging thing for some people to part with is their phone. Try and stay off the phone for at least 30 minutes to an hour before bedtime, and create a calm sleeping area that is dark and cool to relax in. By following these tips, you will feel well-rested throughout the day and will finally be able to part with the usual mid-morning coffee or energy drink.

Winter Festivities

By: Kierden Freeburn

Winter and our long-anticipated holiday break is officially here. 


Although the actual Winter season doesn’t start until December 21st, many have started celebrating the spirit of Christmas, and some even shamelessly have since the day after Halloween.

From the decor to the outdoor activities, the festivities leading up to, and happening through the Winter are unarguably some of the most joyful. 

Some of the most popular Winter/Christmas-time festivities to do at home include putting up the Christmas lights outdoors, building gingerbread houses, decorating the Christmas tree, baking cookies, enjoying the winter weather, and watching holiday movies with family.
Outside of the house, there is so much more fun that occurs. At Hersheypark, the amusement park displays a large Christmas light display and even opens some rides for visitors to enjoy. They call it “Christmas Candylane”, and it's available from November 10th to January 1st. 

Another activity around the area is to visit almost any Christmas tree farm around, even if you don’t plan on purchasing an actual tree. Although families have started using artificial trees instead of the traditional farm tree, they are still able to go out and enjoy a day at a farm.

At these tree farms, the activities can range from hay rides, tractor rides, shopping at little gift shops, purchasing apple cider or hot chocolate, purchasing homemade foods, music, and at some, there are even train rides. 

If you are a person who would much rather enjoy more physical activities, then you can celebrate the season by ice skating at Twin Ponds or the York Ice Arena—admission prices for both range from $10-$15. 

https://sunshinewhispers.com/hersheypark-christmas-candylane/


On December 29th at the York Ice Arena, there is a special event where you can enjoy a show with princesses and royals on ice. It is called the Magic And Ice Special Event, and it involves story-time, games, photo-ops, and dances with the audience. Afterward, the princesses will invite the crowd to join them on the ice for skating and some more opportunities for photos. 

At Ski Roundtop, opening day is December 24th. For the entirety of the winter season, you can ski, snowboard, and even snow tube. There are even some special events that the resort will continue to host throughout the winter. The events range from glow nights, to a winter carnival, and even a party towards the end of the season. 

If you are into more rural activities, then you would enjoy the 2024 Annual Pennsylvania Farm Show. On January 6th, 2024 the 108th PA Farm Show officially kicks off, and lasts until January 13th. At the Farm Show, there are plenty of events to enjoy. From animal shows and petting zoos to cooking/baking contests and tractor shows, there is no limit to what you do while at the Farm Show. Arguably, most attend in order to have the well-known PA Farm Show Milkshake. This year, there are the normal chocolate and vanilla flavors, but the Pennsylvania Dairymen's Association is introducing a new salted caramel flavor. 

Pennsylvania around the winter season has a variety of activities and events for hopefully all to enjoy. Whether you decide to spend the season at home or go out in public, there is no doubt you will be entertained.

The Stress of Christmas Shopping

By: Evan Brennan


With Christmas only days away, the stress about what gifts you’ll purchase for others is looming. 

We’ve been raised to believe that giving to others is a good thing because it makes the person being gifted and yourself feel a sense of fulfillment and happiness. Sometimes with so much stress about what to get for this person and that person, this idea can start to seem like a fallacy. This is only because of stress and an improper mindset about purchasing gifts.

Allison Aubrey, of NPR, quoted researcher Michael Norton saying, “The act of giving actually does improve your happiness” and backed this up with evidence from experiments. Aubrey referred to an experiment consisting of 700 people. “The researchers randomly assigned participants to make either a purchase for themselves, or for a stranger. Afterwards, the participants reported how happy they felt. Turns out, giving to others led to a significant happiness boost, whereas spending on oneself didn't move the needle.” Even though gift buying can seem like a stressful task, it can be very beneficial for one's internal feelings of happiness and generosity.

A big contributing factor to the stress of purchasing gifts is not having a ritualistic process around this time of year to ensure you get all the gifts you need at the right time and worrying too much about what the person will think of your gift for them. Aubrey said, “If you're stressed about giving just the right thing, remember it's the gesture that counts more than the thing itself,” and “if you're annoyed by the holiday hustle, remind yourself that this is an opportunity to show love, gratitude and generosity to the most important people in your life.” Gift giving is more ancient than one may think, and it’s a gesture of good intention and care. It’s also a good idea to create a routine for purchasing gifts or buying a gift when you see or think of it to make the process easier and less stressful. Aubrey mentioned, “Gift giving is a habit that can get better with practice, so start early in the year, and if something you spot in July reminds you of a person, buy it then.” 

Gift-giving is fun and can bring people closer together, so make the best of your Christmas shopping and relax a little.


A.I. Impacts Education

By: Jesse Del Gaudio

7 Nov 23

Throughout our school years, we have seen AI rapidly grow and develop. From Photomath to ChatGPT, we have watched as AI has become more efficient, prevalent, and useful. By integrating AI into our everyday lives, we have learned to utilize it effectively, making day-to-day tasks easier, and more convenient. We know the positives of AI, but what are the negatives?

“It’s tough to outweigh the pros and cons,” history teacher Mr. Stevenson says. “It can be a helpful tool, but people could also just use it to not think, and I think we need people to be thinking.” According to Business Insider, one in four teachers say they have caught students using AI, such as ChatGPT, to write articles and complete assignments for them. And it’s not just students that are doing this.

Now, big corporate entities such as Microsoft, Coca-Cola, Duolingo, and more are permitted to use ChatGPT (and other AI programs) in the workplace. And why wouldn’t they? According to Forbes Magazine, Microsoft has invested heavily into OpenAI, the company that created the original ChatGPT program, and now utilizes it to power their Bing search engine, making it more user-friendly. For big companies like Microsoft, integrating an AI program to replace human resources is just the easier option.

As AI becomes more relevant, we continue to observe its growing impact on our everyday lives. From the classroom to the workplace, we use AI in one way or another. Whether or not the effects are overly positive or negative is up to interpretation. However, there is no denying that there are both positives and negatives. AI is here to stay, and this is only the beginning.