In Autodesk Maya, materials are attributes applied to models that define how their surfaces interact with light and appear visually; they determine properties such as color, shininess, opacity, and reflectivity. Coloring in Maya refers to the base color values set in materials, which can be further controlled or overridden by texture maps—a key part of how objects get their final hues and shades in renderings. Texturing is the process of applying images (texture maps) to a 3D model’s UV coordinates to add detailed surface characteristics like wood grain, bumps, scratches, or patterns, enhancing realism beyond the simple material properties