Findings Summary
"These results indicated that students who used manipulatives during mathematics instruction had statistically significant higher mathematics achievement than students who did not use manipulatives during mathematics instruction and performed approximately one-fifth of a standard deviation higher on mathematics outcome measures than their peers in the control condition."
Human brains process visual information "60,000 times faster than text." Along those same lines, "90% of what the brain processes is visual information." In cognitive theory, this is called the "picture supremacy effect" -- people generally understand and remember pictures better than they do words alone. This is because "pictures are encoded in both" verbal and visual memory centers "whereas words are not; pictures invoke naming upon study more often than words invoke imagery." Click here to access full article
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