A Boom is essentially when the camera is mounted at the end of a long pole (and often stabilised so that it stays level). By mounting a camera this way, the camera operator can lift the camera higher than a tripod, and thus is characterised by the camera's movement as either rising or falling. This is again, very similar to Tracking/Trucking which draws the viewer into the scene by following the action or revealing information. However, because we can't elevate ourselves above our own height, when the camera rises higher than what we would perceive as that height, it disconnects the viewer and gives them a more of an observer role in what is shown.

The crane shot is where the camera almost floats in the air.  It is similar to the other movements, but is usually characterised by its up and down movements (as well as panning or tilting).  A crane shot is complex and difficult to set up, so it is used sparingly for very important shots. Basically, a crane shot is very flexible in its movement, and is often accomplished with a steadicam (a body-mounted camera rig that absorbs all jitter), a drone, helicopter shots, or at the end of a boom.