Philosophy for Learning Environments
I believe students thrive in a classroom where relationships come first and every child feels a sense of belonging. Through positive reinforcement and shared decision-making, I aim to create a caring community where students are encouraged to take ownership of their learning and treat one another with respect.
About Me
My name is Sarah Bonhage, and I am a senior Early Grades Preparation major with a Literacy minor at West Chester University. Currently, I am completing my reading practicum field placement in a second-grade classroom at Glenwood Elementary in Media, Pennsylvania, which has been such a rewarding experience and has further strengthened my passion for teaching. After graduation, my aspiration is to teach in the Rose Tree Media School District, the district I grew up in, as it would be meaningful to give back to the community that shaped my own educational journey. Alongside my studies, I work as a preschool teacher at The Goddard School in West Goshen, where I gain valuable experience supporting early learners in their growth and development. My previous field experiences include placements in kindergarten at Mary C. Howse Elementary in the West Chester Area School District, as well as in preschool at the Gordon Early Literacy Center in Coatesville. These opportunities have provided me with a strong foundation in classroom management, differentiated instruction, and fostering a love of learning across multiple grade levels. On a personal note, I consider myself a creative and energetic educator who enjoys designing engaging lessons that incorporate movement, hands-on activities, and student-centered learning. I believe that creativity and active participation are key to building both classroom community and student success.
Themes in the Classroom
To me, relationships are the foundation of an effective classroom. When students feel respected, valued, and cared for, they are more motivated to participate and have a desire to learn. Strong teacher-student and peer relationships create a safe, positive environment where everyone feels like they belong.
Haim Ginott emphasized the importance of communication. He encouraged teachers to use I-messages and to correct behavior without attacking the student’s character, showing respect while maintaining authority.
Alfie Kohn believed classrooms should function as communities built on caring relationships, where students have a voice and feel connected.
Linda Albert “centers her [Cooperative Discipline] Model on the three C’s: capable, connect and contribute,” which reinforces the idea that students thrive when they feel capable and connected to their peers and teacher and emphasizes a “sense of belonging in the classroom” (Early, Boss, & Pacheco, Presentation of Theorists: Linda Albert, Fall 2025).
At the start of each day, I will stand at the door and personally greet each student. I have seen greeting charts before that lists options for students to pick from: high five, handshake, fist bump, hug, etc. This helps establish a positive connection before class begins, communicates that each child is noticed and cared for, and sets the tone for a respectful classroom environment. Even an “I’m glad you’re here today” builds trust and strengthens relationships over time.
Inspired by Alfie Kohn’s emphasis on creating a classroom community, I would implement weekly classroom meetings where students can share ideas, celebrate successes, and discuss any challenges in the classroom. This practice fosters respect, responsibility, and collaboration.
In my current field placement, my mentor teacher implements “helping hands” where two students are selected daily to be the helpers for the day for all the various tasks my mentor teacher needs assistance with. These helping hands are rotated daily so every student has an opportunity to contribute. This reinforces the idea that each child is capable and has an important role in the classroom. By contributing, students develop responsibility and feel a stronger connection to the class community. I also like the idea that two students get to do all the jobs, so it prevents students thinking they have the “best” or “worst” job that often occurs when a teacher has a list of numerous jobs (light helper, line leader, caboose, table washer, etc.).
Positive reinforcement means focusing on encouraging and celebrating desirable behavior instead of just punishing misbehavior. I believe this builds confidence, motivates students to make good choices, and fosters a supportive classroom climate.
B.F. Skinner developed Operant Conditioning, showing how reinforcement shapes behavior. He demonstrated that praise, tokens, or rewards can encourage students to repeat positive actions.
Lee & Marlene Canter’s Assertive Discipline model stressed the importance of teachers expressing “rules in the classroom and correct behaviors positively” (Enriquez, Roberts & Strohman, The Canters, Fall 2025). When rules are clear and consistent and teachers are positive in their responses, it “maintains a safe and respectful way to learn for students” (Enriquez, Roberts & Strohman, The Canters, Fall 2025).
Haim Ginott promoted the use of appreciative praise (e.g., praising effort or action rather than labeling a child), which supports positive behavior in a respectful way.
In my current second grade field placement, my mentor teacher gives each student a “Star Card.” When students are demonstrating ready, respectful, and responsible behavior, she will punch out a star on their Star Card. There are 10 stars on each card. When they complete their Star Card, they drop it in a bin. Each Friday, the teacher goes in the bin and the students with completed Star Cards get a prize. The students continue onto a new Star Card, so the reinforcement never ends. She also has a whole class superstar board where the class works together to earn stars and work toward a prize that they pick (whole class party, extra recess, etc.).
Another positive reinforcement method my mentor teacher uses is a “lucky duck.” At the start of each school day, she secretly picks a duck with a number on the bottom and puts it on the top of the smartboard. The students do not know what number she picked. If the lucky duck student follows expectations throughout the day (listening, being kind, staying on task), she reveals their name and they get a small reward. This positively motivates all students to consistently make positive choices.
A positive reinforcement strategy I would like to implement in my future classroom is a classroom “Shout Out Wall” where students can write positive notes which recognize their classmates’ good behavior or effort. For example, a student could write “Thank you Rachel for helping to catch me up on what I missed in class yesterday when I was sick.” Each Friday, we would read a few aloud to celebrate positive choices. This reinforces kindness, collaboration, and respect while allowing students to take part in encouraging one another.
A democratic classroom is one where students are active participants in decisions about classroom rules, routines, and sometimes even their learning. This helps students develop responsibility, respect for others, and a sense of ownership over the classroom community.
Rudolf Dreikurs encouraged teachers to “involve students in decision-making, use encouragement, and create a sense of belonging to build cooperation” (Penny & Sooby, Rudolf Dreikurs, Fall 2025). He also promoted logical consequences over punishment, encouraging responsibility and respect.
William Glasser developed Choice Theory, which emphasized that when students are given meaningful choices in their learning, they are more motivated and engaged.
Fritz Redl & William Wattenberg developed the Group Dynamics Model of discipline, highlighting how group norms and peer influence shape behavior. They encouraged student participation in discipline decisions and emphasized the importance of understanding group dynamics to foster a cooperative, democratic environment.
Fritz Redl
William Wattenberg
Inspired by Rudolf Dreikurs, at the start of the school year, I would guide my students in a discussion about what rules are needed to keep our classroom safe, respectful, and fair. Together, we would brainstorm ideas, narrow them down, and vote on a final set of rules. This reflects Dreikurs’ belief that students are more likely to follow expectations when they’ve had a voice in creating them. By involving them in the process, students feel a sense of ownership and responsibility for maintaining a positive learning environment.
Inspired by William Glassner, I would allow students to have input on where and how they work best, such as choosing between floor seating, traditional desks, in the cozy corner, etc. With clear expectations, this promotes independence while giving students agency in their learning environment.
If ongoing conflicts arise, such as recess arguments, I would guide students into a circle discussion where everyone has a turn to share their perspective and the group works together to propose solutions. I would also implement a “talking stick” where students need to wait their turn to talk until they have the talking stick to symbolize attentiveness and listening towards their peers, as well as ensuring everyone hears their voice. This draws on Redl & Wattenberg’s emphasis on understanding group influence and collective responsibility.
References
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Collaborative Classroom. (2025). Students doing a community circle in a classroom [Photograph]. Collaborative Classroom. https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/blog/classroom-community/
Dictionary of Foundational Theorists. (n.d.). William Wattenberg [Photograph]. Weebly. https://dictionaryoffoundationaltheorists.weebly.com/
Early, M., Boss, A., & Pacheco, E. (2025, Fall). Presentation of theorists: Linda Albert [Class presentation]. EGP course, West Chester University. Team Alberts. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Y4J8J8rvVxmhVyI4To__D0okx4WhY8FAz7--0Mtynbs/edit?usp=sharing
Edutopia. (n.d.). Classroom meeting to create a safe space for learning [Photograph]. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/practice/morning-meetings-creating-safe-space-learning
EDSU 531. (n.d.). Linda Albert [Photograph]. WordPress. https://edsu531.wordpress.com/
EDSU 531. (n.d.). Rudolf Dreikurs [Photograph]. WordPress. https://edsu531.wordpress.com/
Enriquez, E., Roberts, E., & Strohman, A. (2025, Fall). The Canters [Class presentation]. EGP course, West Chester University. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1nGIApyZLsW2nWhCHRyJaU78e0oYlYvi0MHcY9l2AxJs/edit?usp=sharing
FutureLearn. (n.d.). Teachers engaging in democratic decision making [Photograph]. FutureLearn. https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/promoting-democracy-a-guide-for-teachers/0/steps/271470
Kohn, A. (n.d.). Alfie Kohn [Photograph]. Alfie Kohn. https://www.alfiekohn.org/
PeoplePill. (n.d.). Fritz Redl [Photograph]. PeoplePill. https://peoplepill.com/i/fritz-redl
Penny, C., & Sooby, M. (2025, Fall). Rudolf Dreikurs [Class presentation]. EGP course, West Chester University.
Rediscovering Yourself. (n.d.). William Glasser [Photograph]. Rediscovering Yourself. https://rediscovering-yourself.com/the-power-of-choice-remembering-william-glasser/
SlideServe. (n.d.). Lee and Marlene Canter [Photograph]. SlideServe. https://www.slideserve.com/rimona/lee-and-marlene-canter
The Core Coaches. (n.d.). Morning greeting in a classroom [Photograph]. The Core Coaches. https://thecorecoaches.com/archives/90
The Psych Practice. (2017, June 6). Dr. Haim Ginott, child psychologist and psychotherapist [Photograph]. The Psych Practice. https://thepsychpractice.com/plog/2017/6/6/remembering-child-psychologist-psychotherapist-dr-haim-ginott-1922-1973
We Are Teachers. (n.d.). Examples of classroom jobs [Photograph]. We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/classroom-jobs/