Unit 1
Unit 1
Matter: Structure, Properties, and Change
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KEY CONCEPTS:
Matter has structure and properties which can be determined by observation.
Solids have structures and properties.
Liquids have structures and properties.
Gases, like air, have structures and properties.
Matter can change states.
Heat energy can be transferred and cause changes in states of matter.
States of matter (solid, liquid, gas) can be changed by contact with one another.
States of matter (solid, liquid, gas) can be changed by giving off or receiving energy waves at a distance.
Unit 2
Unit 2
Force & Motion: Speed and Direction
KEY CONCEPTS:
Motion is when objects move from place to place.
Motion is when objects move as a result of forces (pushes, pulls).
Gravity is a type of pull causing motion.
Objects can move in different directions.
Forces (pushes, pulls) act on objects and cause them to move or change direction.
Friction is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other, and results in the release of heat energy.
Objects can move at different speeds.
Forces (pushes, pulls) act on objects and cause them to move at different speeds over the same distance.
Forces (pushes, pulls) act on objects and cause them to move over the same distance in different amounts of time.
Gravity is a factor of motion.
Gravity is a force that causes motion.
The effects of gravity on Earth or near Earth are the same (without touching objects).
Unit 3
Unit 3
The Human Body (Bones, Muscles, and Skin)
KEY CONCEPTS:
The Human Body is made of systems that are essential for life.
A system is a set of connected parts forming a whole.
The Skeleton, Muscles, and Skin are parts of systems that protect, move, and support the human body.
The Skeletal System is made of bone and has functions.
The Skeletal System supports the human body by working with muscles to keep organs in place. (skull/brain, rib cage/heart/lungs, standing upright).
The Skeletal System protects the human body from damage by surrounding organs with bone. (skull/brain,spine/spinal cord, rib cage/heart & lungs.
The Skeletal System moves the human body.(ligaments, tendons attach to muscles to the bones of the skeleton which enables the body to move along with joints)
The Muscular System is made of muscles and it has functions.
The Muscular System supports the human body by working with bones to protect internal organs.
The Muscular System protects the human body by your muscles holding bones together and keeping them in place.
The Muscular System moves the human body voluntarily (running, jumping, sitting, lifting) and involuntarily (heart/stomach).
Skin is an organ that has functions.
Skin supports the human body by covering all systems.
Skin protects the human body from harmful substances and germs. (pollution, disease)
Skin covers the muscles and skeleton allowing the human body to move.
Skin has nerve receptors that provide information about external conditions. (Sense of touch hot vs. cold)
The Skeletal and Muscular Systems, along with skin, function together to protect, support, and help the human body to move.
Unit 4
Unit 4
Plants on Earth
KEY CONCEPTS:
Plants are living organisms on Earth.
Plants are part of Earth’s ecosystems.
Plants have needs, structures, and functions that are necessary for growth and survival.
Plants depend on their environmental conditions (water, sunlight, space, air) for growth and survival.
Plant structures perform necessary functions for survival.
Plant roots absorb nutrients (and water) from soil.
Stems provide support for plants.
Plant leaves synthesize (produce) food.
Plant flowers attract pollinators and produce seeds for reproduction.
Key Concept 3: Many plants need soil for growth and survival.
Soil is made of sand, clay, and humus.
Soil has basic properties such as texture, capacity to hold water, and nutrient content.
Seed plants have a particular life cycle.
Seed plants begin as a seed.
Seeds germinate and produce seedlings.
If a seedling’s needs are met by the environment, the seedling will grow into an adult plant.
An adult plant produces seeds.
Unit 5
Unit 5
Earth in the Solar System
On Earth we live in a system called the Solar System.
The Solar System includes one star (the Sun), many moons, planets including Earth, and other objects (meteors, comets, asteroids, etc.)
There are eight planets in our Solar System.
Earth is the third planet from the Sun.
The objects in the Solar System revolve around the Sun.
The Sun is one of the stars visible from Earth.
The Sun appears to move in a consistent pattern across the sky.
From Earth, groups of stars (constellations) appear to move in consistent patterns.
Earth has one moon which is part of the Solar System.
Earth’s moon appears to move in a consistent pattern across the sky.
The Solar System has many moons.
Earth revolves around the Sun and rotates on its axis.
Earth revolves around the Sun in a consistent pattern.
As the Earth rotates, shadows are created by objects that block light from the Sun.
The length and direction of shadows on Earth change as the Sun changes its apparent position in the sky during the day (or as Earth rotates).
Unit 6
Unit 6
Earth's Land and Water Features
KEY CONCEPTS:
Key Concept 1: Earth’s surface has land and water features.
Water covers about 70% of Earth’s surface.
Landforms cover about 30% of Earth’s surface.
We can use models, pictures, diagrams, and maps to represent Earth’s land and water features.
The surface of Earth has bodies of water.
Bodies of water are named based on their location and characteristics.
Different types of organisms (plants and animals) live in Earth’s water.
Earth has frozen water features such as glaciers and ice sheets.
Earth has fresh water features such as rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams.
Earth has brackish water features such as sounds, bays, estuaries, and lagoons.
Earth has saltwater features such as oceans and seas.
The surface of Earth has many different land features.
Landforms are features that are named based on their structures.
Landforms (land features) include volcanoes, mountains, valleys, canyons, caverns, and islands.
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