Write and interpret numerical expressions and analyze patterns and relationships:
Use real-life scenarios to create numerical expressions. For example, "If you have 3 packs of crayons, each with 8 crayons, how many crayons do you have?" This becomes: 3×83 \times 83×8.
Help your child identify and describe patterns in numbers. For example, ask questions like, “What do you notice when you multiply a number by 2?” or “What happens when you add 5 to a number repeatedly?”
Understand the place value system and perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and decimals:
Use Place Value Charts: Start by creating a place value chart to visually represent the values of digits in numbers. Label the columns for ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, and so on. For decimals, include tenths, hundredths, thousandths, etc.
Example: For the number 3,582.76, the chart would show:
Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones | Decimal | Tenths | Hundredths
Money and Shopping: Use money to practice addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with decimals. For example, if an item costs $15.75 and you buy 3 items, ask how much the total would be.
Cooking: Use recipes that require measurements with decimals (e.g., 1.5 cups of flour). Have your child double or halve the recipe, and practice adding or multiplying decimal values.
Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system, represent and interpret data, and understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and addition:
Teach Common Conversions: Help your child understand common measurement conversions, such as:
Length: 1 foot = 12 inches, 1 yard = 3 feet, 1 mile = 1,760 yards
Volume: 1 gallon = 4 quarts, 1 quart = 2 pints, 1 pint = 2 cups
Weight: 1 pound = 16 ounces, 1 ton = 2,000 pounds
Temperature: Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion (F = C × 9/5 + 32)
Practice Conversions in Real Life: Have your child practice converting units during everyday activities. For example, if you’re baking, ask questions like: "If a recipe calls for 3 cups of flour, how many pints is that?" (Answer: 1 cup = ½ pint, so 3 cups = 1.5 pints).
Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems and classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties:
Work with Simple Coordinates: Start with simple coordinates like (1, 2), (3, 4), and (5, 1). Have your child practice plotting these points on the graph and discuss how each number represents movement along the axes.
Coordinate Plane Games: Play games where your child has to plot points to create pictures or patterns. For example, you can have them plot points on a graph to form a simple shape (e.g., a triangle, square, or rectangle).
Coordinate Plane on a Grid: Draw a grid on paper and practice plotting points. Ask your child to give you coordinates to plot, and then check if they match. You can also reverse roles, where you call out a coordinate, and they plot it.
Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions as well as apply and extend previous understanding of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions:
Cooking: Use recipes that involve fractions to help your child practice. For example, if you need to add 1/2 cup of sugar and 1/4 cup of sugar, you can show them how to find a common denominator (e.g., changing 1/2 to 2/4) to add them together.
Sharing: Use examples of sharing food or items (like chocolate bars or cake slices) to demonstrate fraction addition and subtraction.
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions: For multiplication and division, use examples such as "You have 3/4 of a chocolate bar, and you want to give 1/2 of it to your friend. How much will your friend get?" or "If you have 3/4 of a yard of fabric and you need 1/2 as much for a project, how much fabric do you need?"
Multiplying Fractions: Teach them how multiplying fractions works, especially with visual aids. Explain that when you multiply fractions, you multiply the numerators and the denominators. For example, for 1/2 × 1/3, you multiply 1 × 1 and 2 × 3 to get 1/6.
Dividing Fractions: Explain that dividing fractions is the same as multiplying by the reciprocal. For example, to divide 2/3 by 1/4, you flip 1/4 to get 4/1 and then multiply 2/3 × 4/1 = 8/3.
Card or Board Games: Create games where your child has to match equivalent fractions or add/subtract fractions in a competitive way. For example, you could use flashcards with fractions and have them match equivalent fractions or play fraction bingo.