World War I

World War I (1914–1918) – Mechanized trench warfare

• Machine Guns – Decimated attacking forces; made trench warfare deadly.

  • https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/weapons-western-front#:~:text=The%20machine%20gun%20was%20one,from%20a%20fixed%20defensive%20position.

  • https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/machine-gun/275589

  • https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/machine-gun/

  • https://www.bbc.co.uk/teach/articles/znnhjhv

• Tanks – First used to cross trenches and break stalemates.

  • https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20180531-the-wwi-tank-that-helped-change-warfare-forever

  • https://www.britannica.com/technology/tank-military-vehicle

  • https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/attack-tanks

• Poison Gas – Chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas introduced chemical warfare.

  • https://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/spotlight-first-usage-poison-gas

  • https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i8/100-years-chemical-weapons.html

  • https://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/battles-and-fighting/weapons-on-land/poison-gas/

  • https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/46560/dulce-et-decorum-est   (Poem)

• Airplanes – Used for reconnaissance, dogfighting, and limited bombing.

  • https://www.history.com/articles/world-war-i-aviation-airplanes

  • https://www.britannica.com/technology/military-aircraft/World-War-I

  • https://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/battles-and-fighting/air-war/command-of-the-air/

  • https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/voices-of-the-first-world-war-war-in-the-air

• U-Boats (Submarines) – German submarines revolutionized naval warfare.

  • https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/news/may18/world-war-i-on-the-homefront.html#:~:text=The%20damage%20inflicted%20by%20U,killing%20approximately%2015%2C000%20Allied%20sailors.

  • https://www.history.com/articles/u-boats-world-war-i-germany

  • https://www.britannica.com/technology/U-boat

  • https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-full-extent-devastation-wrought-uboats-world-war-i-180955191/

• Artillery Advances – Heavy, long-range guns dominated battlefields.

  • https://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/artillery

  • https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/artillery/

  • https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/weapons-western-front

• Wireless Radio – Improved battlefield communication.

  • https://www.usmcmuseum.com/uploads/6/0/3/6/60364049/nmmc_wwi_military_communication_resource_packet.pdf

  • https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/wireless-telegraphy/

  • https://www.britannica.com/technology/military-communication/From-World-War-I-to-1940

  • https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-27894944