Participants

Participants included 133 youth aged 6-17 years (M = 11.97, SD = 3.34) and their parent or primary caregiver who received treatment at a university-based research clinic that provides outpatient treatment of emotional disorders. Initial study inclusion criteria for treatment eligibility included being between the ages of 6 and 17 years, meeting diagnostic criteria for an emotional disorder (any mood, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive related disorder), and being proficient in English.

Youth were excluded if they had a previous diagnosis of schizophrenia, low cognitive ability, or an intellectual disability along with those who portrayed severe suicidal/homicidal ideation. For the current study, youth were included if they received at least eight sessions of the UP-A/UP-C individual or group treatment sessions (See Figure 1 for CONSORT diagram).

A total of 133 out of 183 participants met the above criteria and had data eligible to be included in the study. Youth sex was reported as 49% female (N = 64). The sample identified as 74.8% Hispanic which is consistent with the demographics of the region where the study took place (U.S Census Bureau, 2021). Most of the sample identified as White or Caucasian (89.7%) while the rest identified as Black or African American (2.8%), Asian (2.8%), and Other (4.7%; See Table 1 for demographic information). The most common diagnoses were Generalized Anxiety Disorder (43.6%), Co-principle or co-occurring disorders (23%), and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (9%; Table 2).