Chapter 2
Chapter 2
An insurer has a contractual agreement which transfers a portion of its risk exposure to another insurer. What type of contractual arrangement is this?
Coinsurance contract
Reciprocity arrangement
Mutuality agreement
Reinsurance contract
保险公司有一份合同，将其部分风险转移给另一家保险公司。这是什么类型的合同安排？
Coinsurance contract（共同保险合同）
Reciprocity arrangement（互惠协议）
Mutuality agreement（互助协议）
Reinsurance contract（再保险合同）✅
agreement 合同
portion 部分
Coinsurance contract 共同保险合同
Reciprocity arrangement 互惠协议
Mutuality agreement 互助协议
Reinsurance contract 再保险合同
A business becoming incorporated is an example of risk ____.
transfer
reduction
severance
retention
The correct answer is "transfer". Incorporation of a business is an example of risk transfer.
一家企业成立为公司（incorporated）是以下哪种风险管理方法的例子？
Transfer（转移）✅
Reduction（减少）
Severance（隔离/切断）
Retention（自留）
incorporated 成立为公司
Transfer（转移）
Reduction（减少）
Severance（隔离/切断）
Retention（自留）
Which of these statements is NOT a characteristic of the law of large numbers?
Rates can be calculated to compensate for losses
Losses can be predicted in large groups with a higher degree of accuracy
Individual losses can be predicted based on past experience
Group losses can be predicted based on past experience
The law of large numbers states that larger groups provide better loss predictions. The higher the exposure, the more likely the event can be predicted.
下列哪一项 不是大数法则的特点？
Rates can be calculated to compensate for losses（费率可据以赔偿损失）
Losses can be predicted in large groups with a higher degree of accuracy（大群体损失可更准确预测）
Individual losses can be predicted based on past experience（可预测个体损失）✅
Group losses can be predicted based on past experience（可根据过往经验预测群体损失）
characteristic 特点
compensate 赔偿
predict 预测
accuracy 准确
Individual 个人
experience 经历
Purchasing insurance is an example of risk
retention
transference
avoidance
sharing
The correct answer is "transference". Purchasing insurance is an example of risk transference.
购买保险是以下哪种风险管理方式的例子？
Retention（自留风险）
Transference（转移风险）✅
Avoidance（规避风险）
Sharing（分担风险）
Purchase 购买
Retention 自留
Transference 转移
Avoidance 规避
Sharing 分担风险
Which of the following types of risk is insurable?
Physical
Speculative
Pure
Operational
The correct answer is "Pure". Pure risk is insurable.
下列哪种风险是 可保险的？
Physical（物理风险）
Speculative（投机性风险）
Pure（纯风险）✅
Operational（操作性风险）
insurable 可保险的
Physical 物理的
Speculative 投机性的
Pure 单纯的
Operational 操作性的
Which of the following can be defined as "the potential for loss"?
Risk
Transference
Hazard
Peril
The correct answer is "Risk". A risk can be described as "the potential for loss"
下列哪一项可以定义为 “潜在的损失可能性”？
Risk（风险）✅
Transference（转移风险）
Hazard（危险因素）
Peril（危险事件）
potential 潜在的
Transference 转移
Hazard 危险因素
Peril 危险事件
Which of the following describes the act of insuring a risk against possible loss?
Risk transfer
Loss management
Hazard reduction
Risk avoidance
The correct answer is "Risk transfer". Insuring a risk against possible loss is an example of risk transfer.
下列哪一项描述了 通过保险将风险转移以应对可能损失的行为？
Risk transfer（风险转移）✅
Loss management（损失管理）
Hazard reduction（危险因素减少）
Risk avoidance（风险规避）
describes 描述
Which of these statements regarding insurance is false?
As the number of insured units increases, the number of losses decreases
Pure risk can be insured
One way insurers deal with catastrophic loss is through reinsurance
Speculative risk cannot be insured
下列关于保险的哪一项 是错误的？
As the number of insured units increases, the number of losses decreases（随着投保单位增多，损失数量减少）❌
Pure risk can be insured（纯风险可投保）✅
One way insurers deal with catastrophic loss is through reinsurance（应对灾难性损失的方法之一是再保险）✅
Speculative risk cannot be insured（投机性风险不可投保）✅
catastrophic 灾难性的
Speculative 投机性的
According to the law of large numbers, how would losses be affected if the number of similar insured units increases?
Ability to predict losses decreases
Predictability of losses will be improved
No effect on predicting losses
The higher the exposure, the higher the cost of each loss
根据大数法则，如果类似的投保单位数量增加，损失会如何变化？
Ability to predict losses decreases（损失预测能力下降）
Predictability of losses will be improved（损失预测能力提高）✅
No effect on predicting losses（对损失预测无影响）
The higher the exposure, the higher the cost of each loss（风险暴露越高，每次损失成本越高）
the law of large numbers 大数定律
affect 影响
Ability 能力
Predictability 预测能力
exposure 暴露