Occipital nerve block

What is occipital nerve block?

Nerves conduct pain signals. Occipital nerve block is a procedure involving injection of medications close to one or a few nerves in the neck, below the back of the head. The nerve block can help diagnose or treat certain types of neck pain and headaches.

What is injected in a nerve block?

Mostly, a combination of numbing medicine (local anaesthetics) and anti inflammatory cortisone (steroids) is injected near the nerve. The purpose is to calm down the nerves and provide pain relief. Occasionally, electrical stimulation (pulsed radiofrequency) of the occipital nerve is done to try and prolong the benefit.

What is the benefit of nerve block? How long does it last for?

The aim of the occipital nerve block is to reduce pain so that you can do more regular neck exercise. The benefits of nerve blocks tend to be temporary. Some patients get pain relief for a short period of time and others up to a year. Some nerve blocks may be repeated. This depends on amount & duration of pain relief you get with the nerve block.

Are there any risks with the nerve blocks?

All medical interventions carry some risks. This includes possibility of infection, bruising, injection soreness, dizziness and failure. Very rarely nerve block can lead to permanent nerve damage causing numbness, weakness of muscles and exacerbation of pain. There is extremely rare risk of the nerve block causing a stroke. Diabetics may have a short-term increase in the blood sugars if they receive a corticosteroid injection.

On the day of nerve block, is there a need for any specific preparation?

You do not have to skip any meals before your nerve block. Eat lightly and drink plenty of water. You may take your usual medications unless advised otherwise. Please bring a list of your medications with you.

What happens when I come to hospital for the nerve block?

Your stay in hospital may vary between 30 min to 1 hour. The actual injection takes only few minutes to perform. The doctor will use an ultrasound scan to locate the nerve and then perform the nerve block. You will be awake during the procedure. After cleaning the site with cold antiseptic, the injection will be performed with a fine needle.

Do I need to take any precautions after the nerve block?

Arrange to have someone drive you home! You may be sore or have more pain before you feel better. Nerve blocks may take a few days to help. There is no need for any bed rest, but avoid strenuous physical activity on the day of nerve block. From the next day onwards, you can resume back to your normal activities.