Nerve block for chronic pain

What is a nerve block?

Nerves conduct pain signals. A nerve block is a procedure to inject medications close to a nerve. It can help diagnose or treat certain types of persistent pain conditions.

What is injected in a nerve block?

Mostly, a combination of numbing medicine (local anaesthetics) and anti inflammatory cortisone (steroids) is injected near the nerve. The purpose is to calm down the nerves and provide pain relief. Occasionally, in some areas of the body, electrical stimulation of the nerve (pulsed radiofrequency) is done to prolong the benefits of the nerve block.

What is the benefit of nerve block? How long does it last for?

The aim is to reduce pain so that you can do more of your usual physical activities & regular exercise. The benefits of nerve blocks tend to be temporary. Some patients get pain relief for a short period of time and others up to a year. Some nerve blocks may be repeated. This depends on amount & duration of pain relief you get with the nerve block lasts.

Are there any risks with the nerve blocks?

All medical interventions carry some risks. This includes possibility of infection, bruising, injection soreness and failure. Very rarely nerve block can lead to permanent nerve damage causing numbness, weakness of muscles and exacerbation of pain. Diabetics may have a short-term increase in the blood sugars from a corticosteroid injection. Other complications are related to specific nerve blocks (e.g. dizziness following injections in the neck, arm / hand weakness following upper limb injections, lung collapse due to chest wall injections, leg weakness following injections in groin / legs)

On the day of nerve block, is there a need for any specific preparation?

Unless advised fasting, you do not have to skip any meals before your nerve block. Eat lightly and drink plenty of water. Unless specifically advised otherwise by your doctor, you can take your routine medications as usual. Please bring a list of your medications with you.

What happens when I come to hospital for the nerve block?

Your stay in hospital may vary from 1 to 2 hours depending on the type of nerve block and the need for monitoring after the injection. The actual injection takes only few minutes to perform. The doctor will use different techniques such as ultrasound scan to locate the nerve and then perform the nerve block. You will be awake during the procedure. After cleaning the site with antiseptic, the injection will be gently performed with a small needle.

Do I need to take any precautions after the nerve block?

Arrange to have someone drive you home! You may be sore or have more pain before you feel better. Nerve blocks may take a few days to weeks to help with pain. There is no need for any bed rest, but avoid strenuous physical activity on the day of nerve block. From the next day onwards, you can resume back to your normal activities. You may continue to take your routine medications. The doctor may advice you about reducing your painkillers once you start feeling benefit from the nerve block.