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RONDO FORM -
Viennese Musical Clock, from the Hary Janos Opera, by Kodaly
About Zoltán Kodály
12/16/1882 - 3/6/1967
Born in Hungary
Zoltán Kodály was born in Kecskemét, Hungary. Because his father worked with the Hungarian Railway System, the family was transferred a lot. As a result, Zoltán learned about music from all different parts of his country as he moved around. That was the beginning of his life-long interest in folk music.
Both of Zoltán's parents were amateur musicians, so there was also music in the house. As a boy, Zoltán learned to play the violin, piano, viola and cello. He performed in his school orchestra and at home with his parents.
As an adult, Kodály continued traveling around Hungary, collecting and studying Hungarian folk music. Much of the music he composed was based on folk songs he collected on his travels. And he also for created a new way to teach music to kids. His system became known as Kodály Method, and it's still used today by teachers around the world.
Kodály's most popular work is the suite from his opera Háry János. Háry János was a real man who liked to sit around at the village inn telling tall tales about his youth. One of those tales had him defeating Napoleon's army all by himself. The "Viennese Musical Clock" describes the mechanical clock Háry János claimed to have heard at the Austrian emperor's palace.
ABA FORM:
THEME AND VARIATION-
AARON COPLAND
For nearly four decades, American composer Aaron Copland achieved a distinctive musical characterization of American themes in an expressive modern style. He is known for works like Appalachian Spring and Fanfare for the Common Man, among many others.
Aaron Copland was born on November 14, 1900, in Brooklyn, New York, going on to study piano and composition and studying in Europe for some time. He became one of the century’s foremost composers with highly influential music that had a distinctive blend of classical, folk and jazz idioms. Some of Copland’s most prominent pieces included Fanfare for the Common Man, El Salon Mexico and Appalachian Spring, for which he won the Pulitzer. An Oscar-winning writer of film scores as well, Copland died on December 2, 1990.
Early Years and Travels
Early Years and Travels
Composer Aaron Copland was born on November 14, 1900, in Brooklyn, New York to parents of Jewish and Eastern European descent. The youngest of five children, Copland went on to develop an interest in the piano, receiving guidance from his older sister. He later studied under Rubin Goldmark in Manhattan and regularly attended classical music performances. At 20 years old Copland opted to continue his studies in Fontainebleau, France, where he received tutelage from the famed Nadia Boulanger.
A Visionary Composer
A Visionary Composer
Studying a variety of European composers while abroad, Copland made his way back to the U.S. by the mid-1920s. Having been asked by Boulanger to write an organ concerto, Copland eventually debuted Symphony for Organ and Orchestra on January 11, 1925 with the New York Symphony Society under Walter Damrosch.
The decade that followed saw the production of the scores that would spread Copland's fame throughout the world. He was concerned with crafting sounds that would be seen as “American” in its scope, incorporating a range of styles in his work that included jazz and folk and connections to Latin America. Some of his most well-known pieces include Piano Variations (1930), The Dance Symphony (1930), El Salon Mexico (1935), A Lincoln Portrait (1942) and Fanfare for the Common Man (1942). Copland later composed the music to Martha Graham’s 1944 dance Appalachian Spring. The following year Copland won the Pulitzer Prize for the piece.
An author as well, Copland published the first edition of the book What to Listen for in Music in 1939, followed by Our New Music (1941) and Music and Imagination (1952). The latter title was shaped by the composer’s Norton Lectures at Harvard, and he also taught at the institution’s New School for Social Research.
In his later compositions, Copland made use of a European derived tonal system. By the 1970s, he had stopped crafting new works, and focused more on teaching and conducting
SCHUBERT- The Trout
About composer Franz Schubert- Franz Schubert- Austria (1797–1828) was at the tail end of the Classical era, and beginning of Romantic era of music. Schubert was a composer, performer, and school teacher. He only lived to be 31, but was a prolific composer, having written music for piano, string quartets, quintets, opera, some 600 lieder and nine symphonies.
THEME AND VARIATIONS ALSO FOUND IN FAMOUS ART!
Monet (1840-1926, France, Impressionist Painter)- Haystacks Paintings from larger series 1890-91
Morning Effect
Midday
End of Summer
Snow Effect, Morning
Sunset, Snow Effect
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