Take a deep breath and say "ahhhh!" Where is that sound coming from?
Our voice is produced through vibration of the vocal folds. The vocal folds are elastic bands of tissue. When you talk, the vocal folds come together first. Then, the air from the lungs comes up to the vocal folds and vibrates them. The vibration creates rapid changes in air pressure, which make a buzz-like sound. The space in your head above the vocal fold, such as top of your throat and mouth, is called the vocal tract. The vocal tract works like a big auditorium, or the bell of a trumpet, and gives resonance to the buzzing sound. That's how the buzzing sound changes into the sound of the human voice.
How do we change the pitch of our voice? One way is to increase the tension of the vocal folds by stretching them. Watch the video to see how this works!
Let's make the vocal folds with a rubber band!
Now, we are going to make a vocal fold model with a rubber band. You will need a cup and straw too.
Did you see that the vibration of the rubber band made a buzzy sound? Unfortunately, this model does not let you demonstrate how to change the pitch of your voice. Let's make another model for that!
Did you see what happened?
Stretching the rubber band increases its tension. This is one of the primary mechanisms of pitch change in your voice. Another mechanism that changes the pitch is mass of the rubber band. Try using smaller or bigger rubber bands and see what happens!